The truth-conditions of representations: concern and be about
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Published
06/05/2023
Beñat Esnaola
Abstract
In this paper, I argue that some philosophers have misinterpreted John Perry’s “Thought without Representation” ([1986] 2000) in two ways. They have taken, on the one hand, his distinction between a representation being about something vs concerningsomething to be exclusive, and, on the other hand, that he used relativized propositions to capture the truth-conditions of representations with unarticulated constituents. I argue that Perry's distinction is not exclusive and that he argues that unarticulated constituents are part of a representation's truth-conditions, and that representations are about both articulated and unarticulated constituents. I also argue that accepting relativized propositions would directly contradict Perry’s thesis defending in “Thought without Representation”.
How to Cite
Esnaola, B. (2023). The truth-conditions of representations: concern and be about. Gogoa, 23. https://doi.org/10.1387/gogoa.24614 (Original work published March 20, 2023)
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Keywords
statements, beliefs, unarticulated constituents, articulated constituents, relativized propositions, John Perry
References
Barwise, Jon. 1989. “Situations, facts, and true propositions”. In The situation in logic, Stanford: CSLI Publications, 221-54.
Barwise, Jon eta John Etchemendy. 1987. The liar: an essay on truth and circularity. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press.
Barwise, Jon eta John Perry. 1983. Situations and attitudes. Cambridge, MA: Bradford/MIT. Berrargitaratua in 1999, Stanford: CSLI Publications.
Bach, Kent. 1994. “Conversational impliciture”. Mind and Language 9 (2): 124-62.
Borg, Emma. 2005. “Saying what you mean: unarticulated constituents and communication”. In R. Elugardo eta R. J. Stainton (arg.), Ellipsis and Nonsentential Speech. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 237-62.
Cappelen, Herman eta Ernie Lepore. 2007. “The myth of unarticulated constituents”. In M. O’Rourke eta C. Whasington (arg.), Situating semantics: essays on the philosophy of John Perry. Cambridge: MIT Press, 199-214.
Carston, Robyn. 1988. “Implicature, explicature, and truth-theoretic semantics”. In R. M. Kempson (arg.), Mental representations: the interface between language and reality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 155-81.
de Ponte, Maria eta Kepa Korta. 2014a. “On times and contents.” In I. Witczak-Plisiecka (arg.), Cognitive and pragmatic perspectives on speech actions. Berlin: Peter Lang, 13-34.
de Ponte, Maria eta Kepa Korta. 2014b. “Tenses, dates and times”. Research in Language 12 (4): 301-17.
de Ponte, Maria eta Kepa Korta. 2017. “New thoughts about old facts. On Prior’s root canal”. In M. de Ponte eta K. Korta (arg.), Reference and representation in language and thought. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 163-78.
de Ponte, Maria, Kepa Korta eta John Perry. 2020. “Utterance and context”. In T. Ciecierski eta P. Grabarczyk (arg.), The architecture of context and context-sensitivity. Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 15-28.
Korta, Kepa. 2008. “François Recanati: Perspectival thought: a plea for (moderate) relativism”. Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews 2008.07.04.
Korta, Kepa. 2011. “Recanati: Esaldiaren testuingurua eta edukiak”. Gogoa 8 (1): 87-93.
Korta, Kepa. 2012. “Holmes, Perry, and reference”. In A. Newen eta R. van Riel (arg.), Identity, language, and mind: an introduction to the philosophy of John Perry. Leiden: Brill/Mentis, 33-52.
Korta, Kepa eta John Perry. 2011. Critical pragmatics. An inquiry into reference and communication. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Korta, Kepa eta John Perry. 2017. “Full but not saturated: the myth of mandatory primary pragmatic processes.” In S.J. Conrad eta K. Petrus (arg.), Meaning, context and methodology. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, 31-50.
King, Jeffrey C. eta Jason Stanley. 2005. “Semantics, pragmatics, and the role of semantic content”. In Z. G. Szabo (arg.), Semantics versus Pragmatics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 111-64.
Ninan, Dilip. 2016. “What is the Problem of De Se Attitudes?”. In M. Garcia-Carpintero eta S. Torre (arg.), About Oneself: De Se Thought and Communication. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 86-120.
Neale, Stephen. 2007. “On location”. In M. O’Rourke eta C. Whasington (arg.), situating semantics: essays on the philosophy of John Perry. Cambridge: MIT Press, 291-394.
Perry, John. [1977] 2000. “Frege on demonstratives”. In The Philosophical Review 86 (4): 474-497. Berrargitaratua in 2000, The problem of the essential indexical: and other essays. Expanded edition, Stanford: CSLI Publications, 1-27.
Perry, John. [1979] 2000. “The problem of the essential indexical”. In Noûs 3 (1): 3-21. Berrargitaratua in 2000, The problem of the essential indexical: and other essays. Expanded edition, Stanford: CSLI Publications, 27-44.
Perry, John. [1980] 2000. “A problem about continued belief”. In Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 61: 317-332. Berrargitaratua in 2000, The problem of the essential indexical: and other essays. Expanded edition, Stanford: CSLI Publications, 57-75.
Perry, John. 1985. “Self-knowledge and self-representation”. Proceedings of IJCAI–1985: 238-42.
Perry, John. [1986] 2000. “Thought without Representation”. In Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society supplementary volumes, 60 (1): 137-51. Berrargitaratua in 2000, The problem of the essential indexical: and other essays. Expanded edition, Stanford: CSLI Publications, 171-88.
Perry, John. 1998. “Myself and I”. In M. Stamm (arg.), Philosophie in synthetisher absicht (a festschrift for Dieter Heinrich). Stuttgart: Klett-Cotta, 83-103.
Perry, John. [2001] 2012. Reference and reflexivity. Stanford: CSLI Publications. Berrargitaratua in 2012, Stanford: CSLI Publications.
Perry, John. 2007. “Situating semantics: a response”. In M. O’Rourke eta C. Whasington (arg.), Situating semantics: essays on the philosophy of John Perry. Cambridge: MIT Press, 507-76.
Perry, John. 2010. “Selves and self-concepts”. In J. Keim Campbell, M. O'Rourke eta H. S. Silverstein (arg.), Time and identity. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 229-38.
Perry, John. 2012. Consciousness and the self: new essays. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 76-100.
Perry, John. Argitaratzeko. “Reference and Dretske’s theory of representation”. In M. Freauchiger. Themes from Dretske. Berlin: de Gruyter.
Recanati, François. 2002. “Unarticulated constituents”. Linguistics and Philosophy 25 (3): 299-345.
Recanati, François. 2005. “It is raining (somewhere)”. Linguistics and Philosophy 30 (1): 123- 46.
Recanati, François. 2007a. “Relativized propositions”. In M. O’Rourke eta C. Whasington (arg.), Situating semantics: essays on the philosophy of John Perry. Cambridge: MIT Press, 119-53.
Recanati, François. 2007b. Perspectival thought: a plea for (moderate) relativism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Recanati, François. 2010. Truth-conditional pragmatics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Stanley, Jason. 2000. “Context and logical form”. Linguistics and Philosophy 23 (4): 391-434.
Torre, Stephan. 2016. “De Se Thought and Communication: An Introduction”. In M. Garcia- Carpintero eta S. Torre (arg.), About Oneself: De Se Thought and Communication. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1-21.
Barwise, Jon eta John Etchemendy. 1987. The liar: an essay on truth and circularity. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press.
Barwise, Jon eta John Perry. 1983. Situations and attitudes. Cambridge, MA: Bradford/MIT. Berrargitaratua in 1999, Stanford: CSLI Publications.
Bach, Kent. 1994. “Conversational impliciture”. Mind and Language 9 (2): 124-62.
Borg, Emma. 2005. “Saying what you mean: unarticulated constituents and communication”. In R. Elugardo eta R. J. Stainton (arg.), Ellipsis and Nonsentential Speech. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 237-62.
Cappelen, Herman eta Ernie Lepore. 2007. “The myth of unarticulated constituents”. In M. O’Rourke eta C. Whasington (arg.), Situating semantics: essays on the philosophy of John Perry. Cambridge: MIT Press, 199-214.
Carston, Robyn. 1988. “Implicature, explicature, and truth-theoretic semantics”. In R. M. Kempson (arg.), Mental representations: the interface between language and reality. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 155-81.
de Ponte, Maria eta Kepa Korta. 2014a. “On times and contents.” In I. Witczak-Plisiecka (arg.), Cognitive and pragmatic perspectives on speech actions. Berlin: Peter Lang, 13-34.
de Ponte, Maria eta Kepa Korta. 2014b. “Tenses, dates and times”. Research in Language 12 (4): 301-17.
de Ponte, Maria eta Kepa Korta. 2017. “New thoughts about old facts. On Prior’s root canal”. In M. de Ponte eta K. Korta (arg.), Reference and representation in language and thought. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 163-78.
de Ponte, Maria, Kepa Korta eta John Perry. 2020. “Utterance and context”. In T. Ciecierski eta P. Grabarczyk (arg.), The architecture of context and context-sensitivity. Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 15-28.
Korta, Kepa. 2008. “François Recanati: Perspectival thought: a plea for (moderate) relativism”. Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews 2008.07.04.
Korta, Kepa. 2011. “Recanati: Esaldiaren testuingurua eta edukiak”. Gogoa 8 (1): 87-93.
Korta, Kepa. 2012. “Holmes, Perry, and reference”. In A. Newen eta R. van Riel (arg.), Identity, language, and mind: an introduction to the philosophy of John Perry. Leiden: Brill/Mentis, 33-52.
Korta, Kepa eta John Perry. 2011. Critical pragmatics. An inquiry into reference and communication. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Korta, Kepa eta John Perry. 2017. “Full but not saturated: the myth of mandatory primary pragmatic processes.” In S.J. Conrad eta K. Petrus (arg.), Meaning, context and methodology. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, 31-50.
King, Jeffrey C. eta Jason Stanley. 2005. “Semantics, pragmatics, and the role of semantic content”. In Z. G. Szabo (arg.), Semantics versus Pragmatics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 111-64.
Ninan, Dilip. 2016. “What is the Problem of De Se Attitudes?”. In M. Garcia-Carpintero eta S. Torre (arg.), About Oneself: De Se Thought and Communication. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 86-120.
Neale, Stephen. 2007. “On location”. In M. O’Rourke eta C. Whasington (arg.), situating semantics: essays on the philosophy of John Perry. Cambridge: MIT Press, 291-394.
Perry, John. [1977] 2000. “Frege on demonstratives”. In The Philosophical Review 86 (4): 474-497. Berrargitaratua in 2000, The problem of the essential indexical: and other essays. Expanded edition, Stanford: CSLI Publications, 1-27.
Perry, John. [1979] 2000. “The problem of the essential indexical”. In Noûs 3 (1): 3-21. Berrargitaratua in 2000, The problem of the essential indexical: and other essays. Expanded edition, Stanford: CSLI Publications, 27-44.
Perry, John. [1980] 2000. “A problem about continued belief”. In Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 61: 317-332. Berrargitaratua in 2000, The problem of the essential indexical: and other essays. Expanded edition, Stanford: CSLI Publications, 57-75.
Perry, John. 1985. “Self-knowledge and self-representation”. Proceedings of IJCAI–1985: 238-42.
Perry, John. [1986] 2000. “Thought without Representation”. In Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society supplementary volumes, 60 (1): 137-51. Berrargitaratua in 2000, The problem of the essential indexical: and other essays. Expanded edition, Stanford: CSLI Publications, 171-88.
Perry, John. 1998. “Myself and I”. In M. Stamm (arg.), Philosophie in synthetisher absicht (a festschrift for Dieter Heinrich). Stuttgart: Klett-Cotta, 83-103.
Perry, John. [2001] 2012. Reference and reflexivity. Stanford: CSLI Publications. Berrargitaratua in 2012, Stanford: CSLI Publications.
Perry, John. 2007. “Situating semantics: a response”. In M. O’Rourke eta C. Whasington (arg.), Situating semantics: essays on the philosophy of John Perry. Cambridge: MIT Press, 507-76.
Perry, John. 2010. “Selves and self-concepts”. In J. Keim Campbell, M. O'Rourke eta H. S. Silverstein (arg.), Time and identity. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 229-38.
Perry, John. 2012. Consciousness and the self: new essays. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 76-100.
Perry, John. Argitaratzeko. “Reference and Dretske’s theory of representation”. In M. Freauchiger. Themes from Dretske. Berlin: de Gruyter.
Recanati, François. 2002. “Unarticulated constituents”. Linguistics and Philosophy 25 (3): 299-345.
Recanati, François. 2005. “It is raining (somewhere)”. Linguistics and Philosophy 30 (1): 123- 46.
Recanati, François. 2007a. “Relativized propositions”. In M. O’Rourke eta C. Whasington (arg.), Situating semantics: essays on the philosophy of John Perry. Cambridge: MIT Press, 119-53.
Recanati, François. 2007b. Perspectival thought: a plea for (moderate) relativism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Recanati, François. 2010. Truth-conditional pragmatics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Stanley, Jason. 2000. “Context and logical form”. Linguistics and Philosophy 23 (4): 391-434.
Torre, Stephan. 2016. “De Se Thought and Communication: An Introduction”. In M. Garcia- Carpintero eta S. Torre (arg.), About Oneself: De Se Thought and Communication. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1-21.
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