La articulación de la defensa de los intereses de los navegantes guipuzcoanos y vizcaínos en su dimensión transfronteriza entre los siglos xiii y xviii

Laburpena

The people of Gipuzkoa and Bizkaia found ways to guarantee and safeguard foreign trade through three channels: by seeking the collaboration of the town halls and the assemblies of the Lordship of Biscay and of the Province of Gipuzkoa; by addressing foreign, regional, and local authorities without any intermediaries to demand protection and advantages in commercial practices; and by benefiting from the decisions of those in power in England, France, Brittany, and Flanders to support trade.