Palestine: The end of Fatah hegemony
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Abstract
The Palestinian National Liberation Movement, Fatah, has been the largest group in the PLO from 1969. Its political and ideological prevalence has been rivalled by Marxist leftist groups during the seventies and eighties and by Islamists in the next decades. The rise of Hamas during the last years represents the most serious challenge to the political hegemony of Fatah, a trend confirmed by the recent victory of the former in the legislative elections in January 2006. However, far from a triumph of Islamism against nationalism, the reasons for this victory are to be found in the nationalist agenda rather than in its Islamist political proposals, and, above all, in the erosion experienced by Fatah during the frustrated Oslo process and its highly criticized rule at the Palestinian National Authority. In the context of military occupation of Palestine, nationalism still appears as an appealing ideology, despite the difficulties of its political development.
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