Liberalismo y democracia, o entre la regia prerrogativa y el voto

Abstract

The intellectual and political debate in Spain during the first third of the twentieth century didn't favor the understanding of the problems and the procedures to approach in a positive way the liberal heritage of the former century to the new requirements of the democratically procedure. The «native model» of the Restoration entailed the political agreement of the «turn» between conservatives and liberals, which before the result of the nominated «caciquismo»; it was the consequence of the political compromise commanded by the liberal forces, headed by Sagasta. In the political debate, during the Alfonso XIII reign, a prominent conservative as Maura misunderstood the democratization proposal, never concreted, with the questioning of the «turn». He forgot if the elections weren't able to, only the Crown would be capable to guarantee the alternation, according to the liberals and Sagasta outline. On the same time, the anti system forces exhibit their weakness in the electoral and parliamentary mobilization arena. In parallel to their attachment to formulas between the anti system subversion and the anticlerical and social revolution. Condemned to a pure survival and decimated by the ravages of terrorism with the key murders of Canalejas y Dato, the constitutional forces of the Monarchy received the grace stroke when Alfonso XIII accepted the military uprising of the regenerationist general Primo de Rivera.