“¿Quién le teme al pleno empleo?” La oposición a la full employment bill de 1945 y los orígenes del neoliberalismo estadounidense

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Publicado 01-06-2026
Andreu Espasa de la Fuente

Resumen

El debate sobre la Full Employment Bill de 1945 y la aprobación de la Employment Act de 1946 se suelen interpretar como un momento clave en la consolidación de la hegemonía keynesiana en Estados Unidos, especialmente de su corriente más proempresarial. Este artículo examina los argumentos conservadores contra el proyecto de ley sobre el pleno empleo en el contexto histórico del fin de la Segunda Guerra Mundial y constata la decisiva influencia de las ideas del primer neoliberalismo, articuladas por autores como Walter Lippmann y Friedrick Hayek e impulsadas por organizaciones empresariales y por los sectores más derechistas del Capitolio.

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Keywords

pleno empleo, neoliberalismo, keynesianismo, posguerra, desempleo

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