Testen euskaratzea. Balizko alborapenaren iturriak

Abstract

This study illustrates the problems related to the adaptation of psycho-pedagogic tests from both a general perspective and as applied to the Spanish-Basque situation. From the first point of view, the different levels of equivalence which may be found in the adaptation of the tests: construct, metric and related to the method, are described, with special attention being paid to the second. The methods of judgement and the differential functioning of the item as methods of analysis of the metric equivalence are described. The rules for the adaptation of the tests accepted by the International Test Commission are set out. In relation to the adaptation of Spanish-Basque tests, the different potential sources of differential functioning of the items are systemised, differentiating between four possible causes.; problems of translation, lack of grammatical similarity and semantics between languages, and cultural relevance. Within the second, special attention is paid to the syntactic structures and the differences of format. The article sets out an empirical example from each one of these potential sources of bias, based on the results obtained following the adaptation of a general aptitude test to Basque.