Rentabilidad de las instituciones de microfinanciación y de los prestatarios: una revisión sistemática de la literatura

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Publicado 11-09-2024
Salvador Fonseca
António Carrizo Moreira
Jorge Mota

Resumen

Utilizando la base de datos SCOPUS, este documento lleva a cabo una revisión sistemática de la literatura (RSL) para identificar los factores que impulsan la rentabilidad financiera tanto de las instituciones de microfinanciación (IMFs) como de sus beneficiarios. De los 174 documentos revisados, 39 abordaban los determinantes de la rentabilidad de las IMFs y los beneficiarios. Para las IMFs, se destacan varios factores: financiación para mujeres y créditos colectivos, calidad de la cartera; supervisión de los clientes; tasas adecuadas de interés activas y pasivas; y control de costes operativos. Para los beneficiarios, la formación en gestión de pequeñas empresas; la generación de ideas de negocio innovadoras y bien estructuradas, el acceso al microcrédito y a un tipo de interés pasivo adecuado, la supervisión por parte de las IMFs y el crédito centrado en la inversión, se considera que impulsan la rentabilidad sin poner en peligro el alcance y la profundidad de sus operaciones. De este modo, las IMFs pueden crecer y ampliar sus servicios de forma financieramente sostenible, y atender mejor a las personas excluidas. Estos resultados proporcionan un marco valioso a los responsables políticos a la hora de diseñar políticas de microfinanciación dirigidas a la reducción de la pobreza. Una posible conjetura resultante de este estudio es que la sostenibilidad financiera de las microfinanzas no reside en los subsidios, sino en la aplicación de las reglas del mercado. Al identificar dos conjuntos de factores que impulsan la rentabilidad, para las IMFs y para los beneficiarios, este trabajo proporciona una interfaz que incorpora indicadores de medición.

Cómo citar

Fonseca, . S., Carrizo Moreira, A., & Mota, J. (2024). Rentabilidad de las instituciones de microfinanciación y de los prestatarios: una revisión sistemática de la literatura. Cuadernos De Gestión, 24(2), 39–53. https://doi.org/10.5295/cdg.232011am
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Keywords

Beneficio, Rendimiento Financiero, Instituciones de Microfinanciación, Prestatario, Revisión Sistemática

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