Interseccionalidad, identidad y el enigma de la clase
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Publicado
05-10-2021
Sandro Mezzadra
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5592-824X
Resumen
En este ensayo analizo una noción específica que se ha convertido en algo especialmente influyente a la hora de enmarcar el debate sobre la identidad y las políticas de identidad: la interseccionalidad. Muestro que la formulación original de esa noción estaba estrechamente relacionada con los debates sobre la clase y la política de clases. Tras aclarar la "prehistoria" de la interseccionalidad en el feminismo negro, analizo las formulaciones originales del concepto en las obras de Kimberlé Crenshaw y Patricia Hill Collins. Un énfasis en la noción de "opresión" así como en las tensiones entre la "irreductibilidad" y la "simultaneidad" de los sistemas de opresión en los escritos interseccionales me lleva a examinar algunos de los escollos de la política de identidad en la actualidad. Un intento de repensar la noción de clase a la luz de la interseccionalidad cierra el ensayo.
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References
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Bohrer. A.J. 2019. Marxism and Intersectionality. Race, Gender, Class, and Sexuality Under Contemporary Capitalism. Bielefeld: Transcript.
Carasthatis. A. 2016. Intersectionality. Origins, Contestations, Horizons. Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press.
Collins. P.H. 2000. Black Feminist Thought. Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment, second edition. New York and London: Routledge.
Crenshaw. K. 1989. “Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory, and Antiracist Politics.” In University of Chicago Legal Forum 140: 139-167.
Crenshaw. K. 1991. “Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence against Women of Color.” In Stanford Law Review, 43 (6): 1241-1299.
Davis, A. 2016. Freedom is a Constant Struggle. Ferguson, Palestine, and the Foundations of a Movement. Chicago: Haymarket Books.
Gines. K.T. 2014. “Race Women, Race Men and Early Expressions of Proto-Intersectionality.” In Why Race and Gender Still Matter: An Intersectional Approach. Ed. by N. Goswami, M. O’Donovan, and L. Yount. London: Pickering & Chatto: 13–26.
Haider, A. 2018. Mistaken Identity. Race and Class in the Age of Trump. London – New York: Verso.
Hardt, M. and T. Negri. 2019. “Empire, Twenty Years On.” In New Left Review, 120: 67-92.
Jones. C. 1949. An End to the Neglect of the Problems of the Negro Woman! In New Frame, available at https://www.newframe.com/from-the-archive-an-end-to-the-neglect-of-the-problems-of-the-negro-woman/ (accessed April 18, 2021).
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Lowe. L. 1996. Immigrant Acts: On Asian American Cultural Politics. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Marx. K. 1976. Capital, Vol. 1. New York: Vintage Books.
Mezzadra, S. 2011. “Bringing Capital Back In: A Materialist Turn in Postcolonial Studies?” In Inter-Asia Cultural Studies 12 (1): 154-164.
Mezzadra, S. 2021. “Challenging Borders. The Legacy of Postcolonial Critique in the Present Conjuncture.” In Soft Power 7 (2): 21-44.
Mezzadra. S. and B. Neilson. 2013. Border as Method, or, the Multiplication of Labor. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Mezzadra. S. and B. Neilson. 2019. The Politics of Operations. Excavating Contemporary Capitalism. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Nash. J.C. 2019. Black Feminism Reimagined After Intersectionality. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.
Roediger, D. 1991. The Wages of Whiteness: Race and the Making of American Working Class. London – New York: Verso.
Roy, A. 2016. “The Doctor and the Saint.” In B.R. Ambedkar, The Annihilation of Caste, ed. and annotated by S. Anand, London – New York: Verso.
Said, E.W. 1983. “Traveling Theory.” In The World, the Text, and the Critic. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press: 226–247.
Said, E.W. 1994, “Traveling Theory Reconsidered”, in Reflections on Exile and Other Essays. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press, 2000: 436-452.
Taylor. K.-Y. 2017. How We Get Free. Black Feminism and the Combahee River Collective, Chicago: Haymarket Books.
Thompson, D. 2020. “The Intersectional Politics of Black Lives Matter.” In Turbulent Times, Transformational Possibilities? Gender Politics Today and Tomorrow. Ed. by A. Dobrowolsky and F. MacDonald, Toronto: University of Toronto Press: 240-257.
Thompson. L. 1936. Toward a Brighter Dawn. In Viewpoint Magazine (2015), available at https://viewpointmag.com/2015/10/31/toward-a-brighter-dawn-1936/ (accessed April 18, 2021).
Bohrer. A.J. 2019. Marxism and Intersectionality. Race, Gender, Class, and Sexuality Under Contemporary Capitalism. Bielefeld: Transcript.
Carasthatis. A. 2016. Intersectionality. Origins, Contestations, Horizons. Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press.
Collins. P.H. 2000. Black Feminist Thought. Knowledge, Consciousness, and the Politics of Empowerment, second edition. New York and London: Routledge.
Crenshaw. K. 1989. “Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory, and Antiracist Politics.” In University of Chicago Legal Forum 140: 139-167.
Crenshaw. K. 1991. “Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence against Women of Color.” In Stanford Law Review, 43 (6): 1241-1299.
Davis, A. 2016. Freedom is a Constant Struggle. Ferguson, Palestine, and the Foundations of a Movement. Chicago: Haymarket Books.
Gines. K.T. 2014. “Race Women, Race Men and Early Expressions of Proto-Intersectionality.” In Why Race and Gender Still Matter: An Intersectional Approach. Ed. by N. Goswami, M. O’Donovan, and L. Yount. London: Pickering & Chatto: 13–26.
Haider, A. 2018. Mistaken Identity. Race and Class in the Age of Trump. London – New York: Verso.
Hardt, M. and T. Negri. 2019. “Empire, Twenty Years On.” In New Left Review, 120: 67-92.
Jones. C. 1949. An End to the Neglect of the Problems of the Negro Woman! In New Frame, available at https://www.newframe.com/from-the-archive-an-end-to-the-neglect-of-the-problems-of-the-negro-woman/ (accessed April 18, 2021).
Lorde. A. 1982. Zami: A New Spelling of My Name. A Biomythography. Berkley, Calif.: The Crossing Press.
Lowe. L. 1996. Immigrant Acts: On Asian American Cultural Politics. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Marx. K. 1976. Capital, Vol. 1. New York: Vintage Books.
Mezzadra, S. 2011. “Bringing Capital Back In: A Materialist Turn in Postcolonial Studies?” In Inter-Asia Cultural Studies 12 (1): 154-164.
Mezzadra, S. 2021. “Challenging Borders. The Legacy of Postcolonial Critique in the Present Conjuncture.” In Soft Power 7 (2): 21-44.
Mezzadra. S. and B. Neilson. 2013. Border as Method, or, the Multiplication of Labor. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Mezzadra. S. and B. Neilson. 2019. The Politics of Operations. Excavating Contemporary Capitalism. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Nash. J.C. 2019. Black Feminism Reimagined After Intersectionality. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press.
Roediger, D. 1991. The Wages of Whiteness: Race and the Making of American Working Class. London – New York: Verso.
Roy, A. 2016. “The Doctor and the Saint.” In B.R. Ambedkar, The Annihilation of Caste, ed. and annotated by S. Anand, London – New York: Verso.
Said, E.W. 1983. “Traveling Theory.” In The World, the Text, and the Critic. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press: 226–247.
Said, E.W. 1994, “Traveling Theory Reconsidered”, in Reflections on Exile and Other Essays. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press, 2000: 436-452.
Taylor. K.-Y. 2017. How We Get Free. Black Feminism and the Combahee River Collective, Chicago: Haymarket Books.
Thompson, D. 2020. “The Intersectional Politics of Black Lives Matter.” In Turbulent Times, Transformational Possibilities? Gender Politics Today and Tomorrow. Ed. by A. Dobrowolsky and F. MacDonald, Toronto: University of Toronto Press: 240-257.
Thompson. L. 1936. Toward a Brighter Dawn. In Viewpoint Magazine (2015), available at https://viewpointmag.com/2015/10/31/toward-a-brighter-dawn-1936/ (accessed April 18, 2021).
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