“Culture of Critical Discourse”: the Identity of Intellectuals according to the Sociolinguistic Perspective of Gouldner

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##

Published 27-10-2023
Eugenia Fraga

Abstract

What is the identity of intellectuals? What are the elements that define it? In this paper we want to answer these questions from the perspective of a relevant but partially forgotten figure in 20th century social theory: Alvin Ward Gouldner. Gouldner is part of the so-called "linguistic turn": language, communication and discourse become the centre of his concerns. In particular, the way in which the author adopts this turn is from the creative combination of the inheritance of three previous approaches interested in these same questions: pragmatism —focused on argumentation and logic—, hermeneutics —dedicated to interpretation and understanding—, and “culturalist Marxism” —focused on symbols and representations—. With all these legacies, he shapes a particular sociolinguistic proposal from which he builds a new outlook about the specific identity of the intellectual class, which he will call “critical discourse culture”. The definition of this identity and its constituent elements will be carried out from the detailed study of the Gouldnerian work devoted to this question: his texts produced between 1976 and 1981.

Abstract 94 | texto (Español) Downloads 327

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##

Keywords

Alvin Gouldner, culture of critical discourse, sociology of intellectuals

References
Adorno, T. W., y Horkheimer, M. (2001) [1949]. Dialéctica de la ilustración. Fragmentos filosóficos. Madrid: Trotta.
Bernstein, B. (1972). Class, codes and control Volume I. Theoretical studies towards a sociology of language. Nueva York: Routledge y Kegan Paul.
Bernstein, B. (1973). Class, codes and control Volume II. Applied studies towards a sociology of language. Nueva York: Routledge y Kegan Paul.
Bernstein, B. (1975). Class, codes and control Volume III. Towards a theory of educational transmission. Nueva York: Routledge y Kegan Paul.
Bourdieu, P. (2008) [1984]. Homo academicus. Buenos Aires: Siglo XXI.
Bowen, H. R. (1977). Investment in learning. The individual and social value of American higher education. San Francisco: Universidad de California.
Eckert, P., y McConnell-Ginet, S. (1992a). Communities of practice: Where language, gender and power all live. En Locating power: Proceedings of the second Berkeley women and language conference, Vol. 1. Berkeley: Universidad de Berkeley.
Eckert, P., y McConnell-Ginet, S. (1992b). Think practically and look locally: Language and gender as community-based practice. Annual Review of Anthropology, 21, 461-490.
Fishman, J. A. (1968). Readings in the sociology of language. La Haya: Mouton.
Fishman, J. A. (1971). Advances in the sociology of language. La Haya: Mouton.
Fraga, E. (2021). Ser intelectual o La crítica como vocación. Ensayos inspirados en Charles Wright Mills. Buenos Aires: Consejo Latinoamericano de Ciencias Sociales - Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani.
Fraga, E. (2022). Hacia una teoría crítica de la comunicación. Primeros aportes de Alvin Gouldner y la sociología estadounidense del lenguaje. Revista Intersticios Sociales, 23(12), 77-114.
Fraga, E. (en prensa). Gouldner’s critical theory of language. Recovery and creation of alternative definitions of reality. Transcience.
Gramsci, A. (1984) [1949]. Los intelectuales y la organización de la cultura. Buenos Aires: Nueva Visión.
Gouldner, A. W. (1954). Patterns of industrial bureaucracy. Glencoe: Free Press.
Gouldner, A. W., y Gouldner, H. P. (1963). Modern sociology. An introduction to the study of human interaction. Nueva York: Harcourt, Brace & World.
Gouldner, A. W. (1973) [1970]. La crisis de la sociología occidental. Buenos Aires: Amorrortu.
Gouldner, A. W. (1975). The dark side of the dialectic: towards a new objectivity. California: Economic and Social Research Institute.
Gouldner, A. W. (1978) [1976]. La dialéctica de la ideología y la tecnología. Los orígenes, la gramática y el futuro de la ideología. Madrid: Alianza.
Gouldner, A. W. (1979) [1973]. La sociología actual: renovación y crítica. Madrid: Alianza.
Gouldner, A. W. (1980) [1979]. El futuro de los intelectuales y el ascenso de la nueva clase. Madrid: Alianza.
Gouldner, A. W. (1985) [1981]. Against fragmentation. The origins of Marxism and the sociology of intellectuals. Nueva York: Oxford University Press.
Gumperz, J. J. (1968a). Types of linguistic communities. Readings in the Sociology of Language, 1, 460-472.
Gumperz, J. (1968b). The speech community. International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, 9, 381–386.
Gumperz, J. J. (1968c). The speech community: a reader. En A. Duranti (Ed.), Linguistic Anthropology: A Reader (pp. 66-73). Londres: John Wiley & Sons, Londres, 66-73.
Gumperz, J. J. (1971). Language in social groups. Stanford: Universidad de Stanford.
Gumperz, J. J., y Hymes, D. (1972). Directions in sociolinguistics. Nueva York: Holt, Rinehart y Winston.
Habermas, J. (1981) [1962]. Historia y crítica de la opinión pública. Barcelona: Gustavo Gili.
Habermas, J. (2010) [1981]. Teoría de la acción comunicativa I y II. Madrid: Trotta.
Heidegger, M. (2012) [1927]. Ser y tiempo. Madrid: Trotta.
Labov, W. (1972a). Sociolinguistic patterns. Filadelfia: Universidad de Pennsylvania.
Labov, W. (1972b). Language in the inner city: Studies in the Black English vernacular N. 3. Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Lave, J. (1991). Situating learning in communities of practice. En L. B. Resnick, J. M. Levine y S. D. Teasley (Eds.), Perspectives on socially shared cognition (pp. 63-82). Massachusetts: MIT Press.
Lave, J. (1992). Learning as participation in communities of practice. Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, San Francisco.
Lave, J., y Wenger, E. (1991). Communities of practice: Creating learning environments for educators. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lave, J., y Wenger, E. (1999). Learning and Pedagogy in Communities. Learners & Pedagogy, 21, 15-34.
Marcuse, H. (1969). An essay on liberation. Boston: Beacon.
Marx, K., y Engels, F. (1970) [1845]. La ideología alemana. Barcelona: Grijalbo.
Nystrand, M. (1982). Rhetoric’s audience and linguistics’ speech community: Implications for understanding writing, reading, and text. En What writers know: The language, process, and structure of written discourse (pp. 1-28). Nueva York: Academic Press.
Park, R. E. (1976). La masa y el público. Una investigación metodológica y sociológica. Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas, 74, 361-423.
Sebeok, T. A. (1974). Current trends in linguistics. La Haya: Mouton.
Snow, C. P. (1959). The two cultures and the scientific revolution. Nueva York: Cambridge University Press.
Swales, J. M. (1990). Discourse communities, genres, and English as an international language. World Englishes, 2, 221-236.
Voloshinov, V. N. (1973). Marxism and the philosophy of language. Nueva York: Seminar.
Wright Mills, C. (1957) [1951]. Las clases medias en Norteamérica: cuellos blancos. Madrid: Aguilar.
Section
Research Articles