El capital social como enfoque teórico en Dirección Estratégica
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Publicado
18-12-2019
Beatriz Ortiz García Navas
Mario Javier Donate Manzanares
Fátima Guadamillas Gómez
Resumen
El principal objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar la relevancia estratégica del capital social organizacional desde un punto de vista teórico. En los últimos años, la literatura académica relacionada con este concepto ha experimentado un notable crecimiento, reconociendo que el capital social es un elemento fundamental para que las empresas generen ventajas competitivas. Sin embargo, se podría afirmar que su desarrollo es todavía incipiente al existir multitud de discrepaciancias entre los investigadores acerca de su conceptuación, la medición de sus dimensiones o los efectos positivos o negativos que podría tener sobre otras variables. Por este motivo, tomando como referencia la definición y dimensiones propuestas por Nahapiet y Ghoshal (1998), se ha realizado una revisión de las investigaciones que, de manera empírica, han estudiado las relaciones entre el capital social y distintos tipos de resultados organizacionales. Igualmente, se exponen diferentes nexos teóricos encontrados entre el capital social y los principales enfoques en Dirección Estratégica como son Enfoque Basado en el Capital Intelectual, el Enfoque Basado en el Conocimiento, el Enfoque Basado en los Recursos y el Enfoque Basado en las Capacidades dinámicas. Se concluye que el capital social, como recurso basado en el conocimiento, podría permitir el acceso a otros recursos internos o externos, y que la creación de valor y la generación de ventajas competitivas de una empresa puede provenir de la combinación de ambos ámbitos. Así, futuros estudios deben encaminarse hacia la profundización y clarificación de este nexo estratégico.
Cómo citar
Ortiz García Navas, B., Donate Manzanares, M. J., & Guadamillas Gómez, F. (2019). El capital social como enfoque teórico en Dirección Estratégica. Cuadernos De Gestión, 19(2), 137–158. https://doi.org/10.5295/cdg.160646bo
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Keywords
Capital social organizacional, enfoque teórico, Dirección Estratégica
References
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Bellamy, M.A., Ghosh, S. and Hora, M., 2014. The Influence of Supply Network Structure on Firm Innovation. Journal of Operations Management, 32 (6), 357-373.
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Coleman, J.S., 1988. Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital. American Journal of Sociology, 94, 95-120.
Collins, C.J. and Smith, K.G., 2006. Knowledge Exchange and Combination. The Role of Human Resource Practices in the Performance High-Technology Firms. The Academy of Management Journal, 49 (3), 544-560.
Dakhly, M. and De Clercq, D., 2004. Human Capital, Social Capital and Innovation. A Multi-Country Study. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development. An International Journal, 16 (2), 107-128.
Delgado, M., Martín, G., Navas, J.E. and Cruz, J., 2011. Capital Social, Capital Relacional e Innovación Tecnológica. Una Aplicación al Sector Manufacturero Español de Alta y Media Tecnología. Cuadernos de Economía y Dirección de la Empresa, 14, 207-221.
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Ebers, M. and Maurer, I., 2014. Connections Count. How Relational Embeddedness and Relational Empowerment Foster Absorptive Capacity. Research Policy, 43 (2), 318-332.
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Gallo, M.T. and Garrido, R., 2009. El Capital Social, ¿Qué Es y Por Qué Importa? Madrid: Serie Ensayos, Instituto Universitario de Análisis Económico y Social.
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Granovetter, M.S., 1985. Economic Action and Social Structure. The Problem of Embeddedness. American Journal of Sociology, 91, 481-510.
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Grant, R.M., 1996b. Prospering in Dynamically-Competitive Environments. Organizational Capability as Knowledge Integration. Organization Science, 7 (4), 375-387.
Grant, R.M., 2002. Contemporary Strategy Analysis. Concepts, Techniques and Applications. Boston. MA: Blackwell Publishers.
Gulati, R., 1998. Alliances and Networks. Strategic Management Journal, 19 (4), 293-317.
Gulati, R., Nohria, N. and Zaheer, A., 2000. Strategic Networks, Strategic Management Journal, 21, 203-215.
Hall, R., 1993. A Framework Linking Intangible Resources and Capabilities to Sustainable Competitive Advantage. Strategic Management Journal, 14 (8), 607-618.
Helfat, C.E. and Peteraf, M.A., 2003. The Dynamic Resource-Based View. Capability Lifecycles. Strategic Management Journal, 24, 997-1010.
Hsu, J.S.C. and Hung, Y.W., 2013. Exploring the Interaction Effects of Social Capital. Information & Management, 50 (7), 415-430.
Inkpen, A.C. and Tsang, E.W.K., 2005. Social Capital, Networks and Knowledge Transfer. Academy of Management Review, 30 (1), 146-165.
Itami, H. and Roehl, T., 1987. Mobilizing Invisible Assets. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Jacobs, J., 1961. The Death and Life of Great American Cities. The Failure of Town Planning. Nueva York: Random House.
Kale, P., Singh, H. and Pelmutter, H., 2000. Learning and Protection of Proprietary Assets in Strategic Alliances. Building Relational Capital. Strategic Management Journal, 21 (3), 217-237.
Kogut, B. and Zander, U., 1992. Knowledge of the Firm, Combinative Capabilities and Replication of Technology. Organization Science, 3 (3), 383-397.
Kogut, B. and Zander, U., 1996. What Firms Do? Coordination, Identity, and Learning. Organization Science, 7 (5), 502-518.
Landry, R., Amara, N. and Lamari, M., 2002. Does Social Capital Determine Innovation? To What Extent? Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 69 (7), 681-701.
Leana, C.R. and Pil, F.K., 2006. Social Capital and Organizational Performance. Evidence from Urban Public Schools. Organization Science, 17 (3), 353-366.
Lefebvre, V.M., Sorenson, D., Henchion, M. and Gellynck, X., 2016. Social Capital and Knowledge Sharing Performance of Learning Networks. International Journal of Information Management, 36 (4), 570-579.
Lesser, E.L., 2000. Leveraging Social Capital in Organizations. In Lesser E.L. (Ed.): Knowledge and Social Capital. Foundations and Applications. Butterworth-Heinemann, 3-16.
Lesser, E. and Cothrel, J., 2001. Fast Friends. Virtuality and Social Capital. Knowledge Directions, Spring-Summer, 66-79.
Lesser, E. and Prusak, L., 1999. Communities of Practice, Social Capital and Organizational Knowledge. Cambridge, MA: IBM-Institute Knowledge Management.
Li, L., Lin, Z.J. and Aranda, B., 2008. The Turtle-Hare Race Story Revisited. Social Capital and Resource Accumulation for Firm from Emerging Economies. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 25 (2), 251-275.
Li, P.P., 2007. Social Tie, Social Capital, and Social Behaviour. Toward an Integrative Model of Informal Exchange. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 24 (2), 227-246.
Lin, N., 2001. Building a Network Theory of Social Capital. In Lin, N., Cook, K. and Burt, R. (Eds.): Social Capital. Theory and Research. New Jersey: Aldine Transaction, 3-29.
Lourand, G., 1977. A Dynamic Theory of Racial Income Differences. In Wallance P.A. and Le Mund, A. (Eds.): Women, Minorities, and Employment Discrimination. Lexington: Max Lexington Books.
Loury, G., 1992. The Economics of Discrimination. Getting to the Core of the Problem. Harvard Journal for African American Public Policy, 1, 91-110.
Martín-Ríos, C. and Septiem, M., 2013. Cooperación e Intercambio de Conocimiento en Redes Inter-Organizativas Informales. REDES- Revista hispana para el análisis de redes sociales, 24 (1), 193-216.
Maula, M., Autio, E. and Murray, G., 2003. Prerequisites for the Creation of Social Capital and Subsequent Knowledge Acquisition in Corporate venture Capital. Venture Capital, 5 (2), 117-134.
Maurer, I., Bartsch, V. and Ebers, M., 2011. The Value of Intra-Organizational Social Capital. How It Fosters Knowledge Transfer, Innovation Performance, and Growth. Organization Studies, 32 (2), 157-185.
Molina, F.X. (Director), 2008. La Estructura y Naturaleza del Capital Social en las Aglomeraciones Territoriales de Empresas: Una Aplicación al Sector Cerámico Español, Madrid: Fundación BBVA.
Moran, P., 2005. Structural vs. Relational Embeddedness. Social Capital and Managerial Performance. Strategic Management Journal, 26 (12), 1129-1151.
Moran, P. and Ghoshal, S., 1996. Value Creation band Firms. In Keys, J.B. and Dosier, L.N. (Eds.): Academy of Management Best Paper Proceedings, August (1), 41-45.
Mu J., Peng, G. and Love, E., 2008. Interfirm Networks, Social Capital, and Knowledge Flow. Journal of Knowledge Management, 12 (4), 86-100.
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