Entrepreneurship and the gig economy: A bibliometric analysis
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Published
11-05-2022
Bruno C. Silva
Antonio C. Moreira
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5213-4583
Antonio C. Moreira
Abstract
There is an increasing number of academic publications on studying the impact of the gig economy and digital platforms. Some of them involve entrepreneurship and business models. However, there is a lack of a global picture depicting the scientific structure of knowledge regarding the gig economy and entrepreneurship. This paper presents a conceptual, intellectual, and social bibliometric overview, using Bibliometrix and Biblioshiny (R-packages). To this end, total of 345 published articles were analyzed, covering 245 sources, 44 countries and 751 authors. There are several important findings: five main clusters emerged from the study (Self-employment and social economy; Sharing economy and sustainable development; Entrepreneurship and innovation; Gig economy and platform economy; and Digitalization); the main themes that emerge deal with sharing, gig, and platform economy, digitalization, teleworking, career participation and platforms; finally, gig workers are key for developing strategies, policies, and actions to achieve a social welfare through entrepreneurship in the platform ecosystem. It is also important to highlight the role of communities and social capital in the development of sustainable collaborative initiatives through digital entrepreneurship.
How to Cite
Silva, B. C., & Moreira, A. C. (2022). Entrepreneurship and the gig economy: A bibliometric analysis. Cuadernos De Gestión, 22(2), 23–44. https://doi.org/10.5295/cdg.211580am
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Keywords
Gig Economy, Digital Entrepreneurship, Sharing Economy, Bibliometric Analysis, Platform Economy, Nascent Entrepreneur
References
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Aria, M., & Cuccurullo, C. (2017). bibliometrix: An R-tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis. Journal of Informetrics, 11(4), 959-975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2017.08.007
Aria, M., Misuraca, M., & Spano, M. (2020). Mapping the evolution of social research and data science on 30 years of social indicators research. Social Indicators Research, 149(3), 803-831. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-020-02281-3
Aroles, J., Granter, E., & de Vaujany, F. X. (2020). “Becoming mainstream”: the professionalisation and corporatisation of digital nomadism. New Technology, Work and Employment, 35(1), 114-129. https://doi.org/10.1111/ntwe.12158
Audretsch, D. B., Belitski, M., & Desai, S. (2015). Entrepreneurship and economic development in cities. Annals of Regional Science, 55(1), 33-60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-015-0685-x
Barratt, T., Goods, C., & Veen, A. (2020). “I’m my own boss…”: Active intermediation and “entrepreneurial” worker agency in the Australian gig-economy. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 52(8), 1643-1661. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518X20914346
Barrios, J. M., Hochberg, Y. V., & Yi, H. (2020). Launching with a parachute: The gig economy and entrepreneurial entry. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3557279
Bellesia, F., Mattarelli, E., Bertolotti, F., & Sobrero, M. (2019). Platforms as entrepreneurial incubators? How online labor markets shape work identity. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 34(4), 246-268. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-06-2018-0269
Berg, J. M., Furrer, M., Harmon, E., Rani, U., & Silberman, M. S. (2018). Digital labour platforms and the future of work: Towards decent work in the online world. In International Labour Office. https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---dcomm/---publ/documents/publication/wcms_645337.pdf
Berger, T., Frey, C. B., Levin, G., & Danda, S. R. (2019). Uber happy? Work and well-being in the “Gig Economy.” Economic Policy, 34(99), 429-477. https://doi.org/10.1093/epolic/eiz007
Broda, K. (2021). Gig Economy - The Economic Backbone of the Future? https://brodmin.com/case-studies/gig-economy-case-study/
Brookes, B. C. (1969). Bradford’s law and the bibliography of science. Nature, 224(5223), 953-956. https://doi.org/10.1038/224953a0
Browder, R. E., Aldrich, H. E., & Bradley, S. W. (2019). The emergence of the maker movement: Implications for entrepreneurship research. Journal of Business Venturing, 34(3), 459-476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2019.01.005
Burke, A., & Cowling, M. (2020). The role of freelancers in entrepreneurship and small business. Small Business Economics, 55(2), 389-392. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00239-5
Burke, A., Zawwar, I., & Hussels, S. (2020). Do freelance independent contractors promote entrepreneurship? Small Business Econo-mics, 55, 415-427. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00242-w
Burtch, G., Carnahan, S., Greenwood, B. N. (2018). Can you gig it? An empirical examination of the gig economy and entrepreneurial activity. Management Science, 64(12), 5461-5959. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00242-w
Cancino, C. A., Merigó, J. M., Urbano, D., & Amorós, J. E. (2020). Evolution of the entrepreneurship and innovation research in Ibero-America between 1986 and 2015. Journal of Small Business Management. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2020.1776578
Chalmers, D., & Matthews, R. (2019). Good to be bad: Should we be worried by the sharing economy? Strategic Change, 28(6), 403-408. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsc.2295
Damian, D. & Manea, C. (2019). Causal recipes for turning fin-tech freelancers into smart entrepreneurs. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 4(3), 196-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2019.01.003
Donner, P., Rimmert, C., & van Eck, N. J. (2020). Comparing institutional-level bibliometric research performance indicator values based on different affiliation disambiguation systems. Quantitative Science Studies, 1(1), 150-170. https://doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00013
Dvouletý, O., & Orel, M. (2020). Determinants of solo and employer entrepreneurship in Visegrád countries: findings from the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. Journal of Enterprising Communities, 14(3), 447-464. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEC-04-2020-0052
Ellegaard, O., & Wallin, J. A. (2015). The bibliometric analysis of scholarly production: How great is the impact? Scientometrics, 105(3), 1809-1831. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-015-1645-z
Geissinger, A., Laurell, C., Sandström, C., Eriksson, K., & Nykvist, R. (2019). Digital entrepreneurship and field conditions for insti-tutional change- Investigating the enabling role of cities. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 146, 877-886. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.06.019
He, X. (2019). Digital entrepreneurship solution to rural poverty: Theory, practice and policy implications. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 24(1), 1950004. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1084946719500043
Hernández-Sánchez, B. R., Cardella, G. M., & Sánchez-García, J. C. (2020). Psychological factors that lessen the impact of COVID-19 on the self-employment intention of business administration and economics’ students from Latin America. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(15), 5293. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155293
Josserand, E., & Kaine, S. (2019). Different directions or the same route? The varied identities of ride-share drivers. Journal of Indus-trial Relations, 61(4), 549-573. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022185619848461
Klarin, A., & Suseno, Y. (2021). A state-of-the-art review of the sharing economy: Scientometric mapping of the scholarship. Journal of Business Research, 126, 250-262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.12.063
Kraus, S., Li, H., Kang, Q., Westhead, P., & Tiberius, V. (2020). The sharing economy: a bibliometric analysis of the state-of-the-art. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, 26(8), 1769-1786. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-06-2020-0438
Kuhn, K. M., & Maleki, A. (2017). Micro-entrepreneurs, dependent contractors, and instaserfs: Understanding online labor platform workforces. Academy of Management Perspectives, 31(3), 183-200.
Laukkanen, M., & Tura, N. (2020). The potential of sharing economy business models for sustainable value creation. Journal of Clea-ner Production, 253, 20004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120004
Maz-Machado, A., Madrid, M. J., Jiménez-Fanjul, N., & León-Mantero, C. (2017). Empirical examination of Lotka’s law for informa-tion science and library science. Pakistan Journal of Information Management and Libraries, 19, 37-51. https://doi.org/10.47657/2017191106
Merigó, J. M., Cancino, C. A., Coronado, F., & Urbano, D. (2016). Academic research in innovation: a country analysis. Scientome-trics, 108(2), 559-593. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-016-1984-4
Merigó, J. M., Mas-Tur, A., Roig-Tierno, N., & Ribeiro-Soriano, D. (2015). A bibliometric overview of the Journal of Business Rese-arch between 1973 and 2014. Journal of Business Research, 68(12), 2645-2653. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.04.006
Mingers, J., MacRi, F., & Petrovici, D. (2012). Using the h-index to measure the quality of journals in the field of business and mana-gement. Information Processing and Management, 48(2), 234-241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2011.03.009
Öberg, C. (2018). Social and economic ties in the freelance and sharing economies. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship, 30(1), 77-96. https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2017.1388954
Paik, Y., Kang, S., & Seamans, R. (2019). Entrepreneurship, innovation, and political competition: How the public sector helps the sharing economy create value. Strategic Management Journal, 40(4), 503-532. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.2937
Palácios, H., de Almeida, M. H., & Sousa, M. J. (2021). A bibliometric analysis of trust in the field of hospitality and tourism. Interna-tional Journal of Hospitality Management, 95, 102944. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2021.102944
Pankov, S., Velamuri, V. K., & Schneckenberg, D. (2021). Towards sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystems: Examining the effect of contextual factors on sustainable entrepreneurial activities in the sharing economy. Small Business Economics, 56, 1073-1095. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00255-5
Ravenelle, A. J. (2019). “We’re not uber:” control, autonomy, and entrepreneurship in the gig economy. Journal of Managerial Psy-chology, 34(4), 269-285. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-06-2018-0256
Rosenblat, A., & Stark, L. (2016). Algorithmic labor and information asymmetries: A case study of Uber’s drivers. International Journal of Communication, 10, 3758-3784. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2686227
Scheepers, C. B., & Bogie, J. (2020). Uber Sub-Saharan Africa: Contextual leadership for sustainable business model innovation during COVID-19. Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.1108/EEMCS-05-2020-0165
Schmidt, F. (2017). Digital Labour Markets in the Platform Economy. Bonn: Friedrich-Ebert Stiftung.
Schwellnus, C., Geva, A., Pak, M., & Veiel, R. (2019). Economics Department Gig Economy Platforms: Boon or Bane? www.oecd.org/eco/workingpapers.
Shenton, A. K., & Hay-Gibson, N. V. (2009). Bradford’s law and its relevance to researchers. Education for Information, 27(4), 217-230. https://doi.org/10.3233/EFI-2009-0882
Stewart, A., & Stanford, J. (2017). Regulating work in the gig economy: What are the options? Economic and Labour Relations Review, 28(3), 420-437. https://doi.org/10.1177/1035304617722461
Tae, C. J., Luo, X., & Lin, Z. (2020). Capacity-constrained entrepreneurs and their product portfolio size: The response to a platform design change on a Chinese sharing economy platform. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 14(3), 302-328. https://doi.org/10.1002/sej.1360
Todolí-Signes, A. (2017). The “gig economy”: employee, self-employed or the need for a special employment regulation? Transfer, 23(2), 193-205. https://doi.org/10.1177/1024258917701381
United Nations. (2020). Entrepreneurship for sustainable development: Report of the Secretary-General. 10151(July), 19. https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/a75d257_en.pdf
Valenzuela-Fernández, L. M., Merigó, J. M., Nicolas, C., & Kleinaltenkamp, M. (2020). Leaders in industrial marketing research: 25 years of analysis. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 35(3), 586-601. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-12-2018-0367
Wiklund, J., Nikolaev, B., Shir, N., Foo, M. Der, & Bradley, S. (2019). Entrepreneurship and well-being: Past, present, and future. Journal of Business Venturing, 34(4), 579-588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2019.01.002
Yang, H., Hu, Y., Qiao, H., Wang, S., & Jiang, F. (2020). Conflicts between business and government in bike sharing system. International Journal of Conflict Management, 31(3), 463-487. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCMA-10-2019-0191
Aria, M., & Cuccurullo, C. (2017). bibliometrix: An R-tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis. Journal of Informetrics, 11(4), 959-975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2017.08.007
Aria, M., Misuraca, M., & Spano, M. (2020). Mapping the evolution of social research and data science on 30 years of social indicators research. Social Indicators Research, 149(3), 803-831. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-020-02281-3
Aroles, J., Granter, E., & de Vaujany, F. X. (2020). “Becoming mainstream”: the professionalisation and corporatisation of digital nomadism. New Technology, Work and Employment, 35(1), 114-129. https://doi.org/10.1111/ntwe.12158
Audretsch, D. B., Belitski, M., & Desai, S. (2015). Entrepreneurship and economic development in cities. Annals of Regional Science, 55(1), 33-60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-015-0685-x
Barratt, T., Goods, C., & Veen, A. (2020). “I’m my own boss…”: Active intermediation and “entrepreneurial” worker agency in the Australian gig-economy. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 52(8), 1643-1661. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518X20914346
Barrios, J. M., Hochberg, Y. V., & Yi, H. (2020). Launching with a parachute: The gig economy and entrepreneurial entry. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3557279
Bellesia, F., Mattarelli, E., Bertolotti, F., & Sobrero, M. (2019). Platforms as entrepreneurial incubators? How online labor markets shape work identity. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 34(4), 246-268. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-06-2018-0269
Berg, J. M., Furrer, M., Harmon, E., Rani, U., & Silberman, M. S. (2018). Digital labour platforms and the future of work: Towards decent work in the online world. In International Labour Office. https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---dcomm/---publ/documents/publication/wcms_645337.pdf
Berger, T., Frey, C. B., Levin, G., & Danda, S. R. (2019). Uber happy? Work and well-being in the “Gig Economy.” Economic Policy, 34(99), 429-477. https://doi.org/10.1093/epolic/eiz007
Broda, K. (2021). Gig Economy - The Economic Backbone of the Future? https://brodmin.com/case-studies/gig-economy-case-study/
Brookes, B. C. (1969). Bradford’s law and the bibliography of science. Nature, 224(5223), 953-956. https://doi.org/10.1038/224953a0
Browder, R. E., Aldrich, H. E., & Bradley, S. W. (2019). The emergence of the maker movement: Implications for entrepreneurship research. Journal of Business Venturing, 34(3), 459-476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2019.01.005
Burke, A., & Cowling, M. (2020). The role of freelancers in entrepreneurship and small business. Small Business Economics, 55(2), 389-392. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00239-5
Burke, A., Zawwar, I., & Hussels, S. (2020). Do freelance independent contractors promote entrepreneurship? Small Business Econo-mics, 55, 415-427. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00242-w
Burtch, G., Carnahan, S., Greenwood, B. N. (2018). Can you gig it? An empirical examination of the gig economy and entrepreneurial activity. Management Science, 64(12), 5461-5959. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00242-w
Cancino, C. A., Merigó, J. M., Urbano, D., & Amorós, J. E. (2020). Evolution of the entrepreneurship and innovation research in Ibero-America between 1986 and 2015. Journal of Small Business Management. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472778.2020.1776578
Chalmers, D., & Matthews, R. (2019). Good to be bad: Should we be worried by the sharing economy? Strategic Change, 28(6), 403-408. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsc.2295
Damian, D. & Manea, C. (2019). Causal recipes for turning fin-tech freelancers into smart entrepreneurs. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 4(3), 196-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2019.01.003
Donner, P., Rimmert, C., & van Eck, N. J. (2020). Comparing institutional-level bibliometric research performance indicator values based on different affiliation disambiguation systems. Quantitative Science Studies, 1(1), 150-170. https://doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00013
Dvouletý, O., & Orel, M. (2020). Determinants of solo and employer entrepreneurship in Visegrád countries: findings from the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. Journal of Enterprising Communities, 14(3), 447-464. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEC-04-2020-0052
Ellegaard, O., & Wallin, J. A. (2015). The bibliometric analysis of scholarly production: How great is the impact? Scientometrics, 105(3), 1809-1831. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-015-1645-z
Geissinger, A., Laurell, C., Sandström, C., Eriksson, K., & Nykvist, R. (2019). Digital entrepreneurship and field conditions for insti-tutional change- Investigating the enabling role of cities. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 146, 877-886. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.06.019
He, X. (2019). Digital entrepreneurship solution to rural poverty: Theory, practice and policy implications. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 24(1), 1950004. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1084946719500043
Hernández-Sánchez, B. R., Cardella, G. M., & Sánchez-García, J. C. (2020). Psychological factors that lessen the impact of COVID-19 on the self-employment intention of business administration and economics’ students from Latin America. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(15), 5293. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155293
Josserand, E., & Kaine, S. (2019). Different directions or the same route? The varied identities of ride-share drivers. Journal of Indus-trial Relations, 61(4), 549-573. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022185619848461
Klarin, A., & Suseno, Y. (2021). A state-of-the-art review of the sharing economy: Scientometric mapping of the scholarship. Journal of Business Research, 126, 250-262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.12.063
Kraus, S., Li, H., Kang, Q., Westhead, P., & Tiberius, V. (2020). The sharing economy: a bibliometric analysis of the state-of-the-art. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, 26(8), 1769-1786. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-06-2020-0438
Kuhn, K. M., & Maleki, A. (2017). Micro-entrepreneurs, dependent contractors, and instaserfs: Understanding online labor platform workforces. Academy of Management Perspectives, 31(3), 183-200.
Laukkanen, M., & Tura, N. (2020). The potential of sharing economy business models for sustainable value creation. Journal of Clea-ner Production, 253, 20004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120004
Maz-Machado, A., Madrid, M. J., Jiménez-Fanjul, N., & León-Mantero, C. (2017). Empirical examination of Lotka’s law for informa-tion science and library science. Pakistan Journal of Information Management and Libraries, 19, 37-51. https://doi.org/10.47657/2017191106
Merigó, J. M., Cancino, C. A., Coronado, F., & Urbano, D. (2016). Academic research in innovation: a country analysis. Scientome-trics, 108(2), 559-593. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-016-1984-4
Merigó, J. M., Mas-Tur, A., Roig-Tierno, N., & Ribeiro-Soriano, D. (2015). A bibliometric overview of the Journal of Business Rese-arch between 1973 and 2014. Journal of Business Research, 68(12), 2645-2653. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.04.006
Mingers, J., MacRi, F., & Petrovici, D. (2012). Using the h-index to measure the quality of journals in the field of business and mana-gement. Information Processing and Management, 48(2), 234-241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipm.2011.03.009
Öberg, C. (2018). Social and economic ties in the freelance and sharing economies. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship, 30(1), 77-96. https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2017.1388954
Paik, Y., Kang, S., & Seamans, R. (2019). Entrepreneurship, innovation, and political competition: How the public sector helps the sharing economy create value. Strategic Management Journal, 40(4), 503-532. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.2937
Palácios, H., de Almeida, M. H., & Sousa, M. J. (2021). A bibliometric analysis of trust in the field of hospitality and tourism. Interna-tional Journal of Hospitality Management, 95, 102944. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2021.102944
Pankov, S., Velamuri, V. K., & Schneckenberg, D. (2021). Towards sustainable entrepreneurial ecosystems: Examining the effect of contextual factors on sustainable entrepreneurial activities in the sharing economy. Small Business Economics, 56, 1073-1095. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00255-5
Ravenelle, A. J. (2019). “We’re not uber:” control, autonomy, and entrepreneurship in the gig economy. Journal of Managerial Psy-chology, 34(4), 269-285. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-06-2018-0256
Rosenblat, A., & Stark, L. (2016). Algorithmic labor and information asymmetries: A case study of Uber’s drivers. International Journal of Communication, 10, 3758-3784. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2686227
Scheepers, C. B., & Bogie, J. (2020). Uber Sub-Saharan Africa: Contextual leadership for sustainable business model innovation during COVID-19. Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.1108/EEMCS-05-2020-0165
Schmidt, F. (2017). Digital Labour Markets in the Platform Economy. Bonn: Friedrich-Ebert Stiftung.
Schwellnus, C., Geva, A., Pak, M., & Veiel, R. (2019). Economics Department Gig Economy Platforms: Boon or Bane? www.oecd.org/eco/workingpapers.
Shenton, A. K., & Hay-Gibson, N. V. (2009). Bradford’s law and its relevance to researchers. Education for Information, 27(4), 217-230. https://doi.org/10.3233/EFI-2009-0882
Stewart, A., & Stanford, J. (2017). Regulating work in the gig economy: What are the options? Economic and Labour Relations Review, 28(3), 420-437. https://doi.org/10.1177/1035304617722461
Tae, C. J., Luo, X., & Lin, Z. (2020). Capacity-constrained entrepreneurs and their product portfolio size: The response to a platform design change on a Chinese sharing economy platform. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 14(3), 302-328. https://doi.org/10.1002/sej.1360
Todolí-Signes, A. (2017). The “gig economy”: employee, self-employed or the need for a special employment regulation? Transfer, 23(2), 193-205. https://doi.org/10.1177/1024258917701381
United Nations. (2020). Entrepreneurship for sustainable development: Report of the Secretary-General. 10151(July), 19. https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/a75d257_en.pdf
Valenzuela-Fernández, L. M., Merigó, J. M., Nicolas, C., & Kleinaltenkamp, M. (2020). Leaders in industrial marketing research: 25 years of analysis. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 35(3), 586-601. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-12-2018-0367
Wiklund, J., Nikolaev, B., Shir, N., Foo, M. Der, & Bradley, S. (2019). Entrepreneurship and well-being: Past, present, and future. Journal of Business Venturing, 34(4), 579-588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2019.01.002
Yang, H., Hu, Y., Qiao, H., Wang, S., & Jiang, F. (2020). Conflicts between business and government in bike sharing system. International Journal of Conflict Management, 31(3), 463-487. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCMA-10-2019-0191
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