Variables explicativas y predictivas de la capacidad de emprendimiento e innovación: evidencia en las empresas familiares
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Publicado
25-02-2021
Alfredo Martínez Bobillo
Juan Antonio Rodríguez Sanz
Fernando Tejerina Gaite
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2488-8174
Juan Antonio Rodríguez Sanz
Fernando Tejerina Gaite
Resumen
El presente trabajo pretende analizar las variables explicativas de la orientación emprendedora y la capacidad de innovación de la empresa familiar (EO-IC) en un estudio comparativo de las empresas familiares españolas y latinoamericanas. A este respecto, se constata un cambio de paradigma en la literatura sobre innovación en el que las capacidades dinámicas derivadas del gobierno corporativo y de la productividad han ido cobrando progresiva importancia en la conformación de la (EO-IC) y en la consecución de una ventaja competitiva sostenible. Esta problemática cobra especial interés en el caso de la empresa familiar, donde las implicaciones socioemocionales y la aversión al riesgo, características de este tipo de empresa, ponen habitualmente en tela de juicio su capacidad para innovar y emprender. Construimos un panel con 182 grandes empresas familiares (1.820 observaciones) pertenecientes a Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, México, Perú, Uruguay y España, utilizando las bases de datos Thomson Onebanker y ORBIS para el período 2008-2018. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian la aparición de nuevas variables explicativas en la configuración de la (EO-IC) de la empresa familiar, basadas en la productividad y fundamentalmente en el gobierno corporativo. De la misma manera, en la empresa familiar latinoamericana, se constata cómo el entorno institucional (legal, regulatorio, laboral y educativo) frena la utilización de variables de eficiencia (productividad), en favor de otras variables más tradicionales como tamaño y concentración de la propiedad en el diseño y fortalecimiento de la OE CI. En el caso español, sin embargo, se evidencia la transición de variables tradicionales hacia factores relacionados con la eficiencia y productividad empresarial.
Cómo citar
Martínez Bobillo, A., Rodríguez Sanz, J. A., & Tejerina Gaite, F. (2021). Variables explicativas y predictivas de la capacidad de emprendimiento e innovación: evidencia en las empresas familiares. Cuadernos De Gestión, 21(2), 63–76. https://doi.org/10.5295/cdg.201329am
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Keywords
empresa familiar, capacidad emprendedora, capacidad de innovación, gobierno corporativo, productividad, Latinoamérica vs. España
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