Impulsores y obstáculos de la iniciativa empresarial de los refugiados. La perspectiva del país de acogida
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Publicado
11-09-2024
Ana Paula Reis
Inês Sá
Rosa M. Costa
António Carrizo Moreira
https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4772-9451
Inês Sá
Rosa M. Costa
António Carrizo Moreira
Resumen
El espíritu empresarial de los refugiados engloba las iniciativas empresariales emprendidas por personas obligadas a huir de sus países. Esta área de investigación ha ganado terreno en los círculos académicos debido a su profunda relevancia desde el punto de vista socioeconómico. Para comprender este fenómeno, se implementó una revisión sistemática de la literatura utilizando las bases de datos Scopus y Web of Science. Se analizaron y clasificaron 57 artículos en dos temas principales: el perfil de los refugiados en cuanto a sus intenciones empresariales y los factores contextuales de los países de acogida que facilitan o impiden su actividad empresarial. El espíritu empresarial de los refugiados se asocia con la perspectiva de la necesidad de supervivencia, ya que las personas suelen embarcarse en proyectos empresariales debido a la escasez de oportunidades de empleo viables en sus países de acogida. Sin embargo, existe una perspectiva matizada en la que algunos refugiados aprovechan sus rasgos empresariales innatos, encontrando resonancia entre los panoramas económicos de sus países de origen y de acogida. No obstante, la puesta en marcha de iniciativas empresariales siempre va acompañada de obstáculos jurídicos, financieros y socioeconómicos. Estos obstáculos no disuaden el espíritu emprendedor arraigado en muchos refugiados. Por el contrario, sirven como catalizadores de resiliencia e innovación, impulsando la formulación de estrategias de adaptación para superar las barreras y labrar caminos exitosos, subrayando la actividad económica de las personas desplazadas y ejemplificando su capacidad para efectuar cambios positivos en medio de la adversidad.
Cómo citar
Reis, A. P., Sá, I., Costa, R. M., & Carrizo Moreira, A. (2024). Impulsores y obstáculos de la iniciativa empresarial de los refugiados. La perspectiva del país de acogida. Cuadernos De Gestión, 24(2), 95–110. https://doi.org/10.5295/cdg.231958ac
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Keywords
Emprendedores refugiados, Emprendimiento social, Dinamizadores, Obstáculos, País de acogida, Revisión sistemática de la literatura
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Bizri, R. M. (2017). Refugee-entrepreneurship: A social capital perspective. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 29(9-10), 847-868. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2017.1364787
Bourdieu, P., & Wacquant, L. (1992). Interest, habitus, rationality. In An Invitation to Reflective Sociology. University of Chicago Press, 115-140.
Cetin, G., Altinay, L., Alrawadieh, Z., & Ali, F. (2022). Entrepreneurial motives, entrepreneurial success and life satisfaction of refugees venturing in tourism and hospitality. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 34(6), 2227-2249. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-11-2021-1363
Christensen, L. J., & Newman, A. (2023). Who do I want to be now that I’m here? Refugee entrepreneurs, identity, and acculturation. Business and Society. https://doi.org/10.1177/00076503231158611
Christensen, L. J., Newman, A. B., Herrick, H., & Godfrey, P. (2020). Separate but not equal: Toward a nomological net for migrants and migrant entrepreneurship. Journal of International Business Policy, 3(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1057/s42214-019-00041-w
Cifci, I., & Cetin, G. (2023). Identifying success factors of refugee entrepreneurs in the tourism and hospitality industry. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-11-2022-1439
Denyer, D., & Tranfield, D. (2006). Using qualitative research synthesis to build an actionable knowledge base. Management Decision, 44(2), 213-227. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251740610650201
Desai, S., Naudé, W., & Stel, N. (2021). Refugee entrepreneurship: Context and directions for future research. Small Business Economics, 56(3), 933-945. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00310-1
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European Commission (2016). European Commission Enterprise Directorate General, available at: http://publications.europa.eu/web pub/com/factsheets/refugee-crisis/en/.
Fong, R., Busch, N.B., Armour, M., Cook Heffron, L., & Chanmugam, A. (2007). Pathways to Self Sufficiency: Successful entrepreneurship for refugees. Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Diversity in Social Work, 16(1/2), 127–159. https://doi.org/10.1300/J051v16n01_05
Freudenberg, J., & Halberstadt, J. (2018). How to integrate refugees into the workforce-Different opportunities for (social) entrepreneurship. Problemy Zarzadzania, 16(73), 40-60. https://doi.org/10.7172/1644-9584.73.3
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