¿Qué nivel de alfabetización financiera tiene la Generación Z? Un estudio comparativo entre países
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Publicado
29-07-2026
Jorge Luis Lopez-Lapo
Esther Del Brio
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0341-9723
Esther Del Brio
Resumen
Este estudio analiza los factores determinantes de la alfabetización financiera entre la Generación Z —la primera generación con formación financiera y altamente digitalizada— en España y Ecuador, dos países que se caracterizan por niveles distintos de inclusión financiera, desarrollo institucional y políticas de educación financiera. Se presta especial atención a las disparidades de género y al papel de los factores estructurales, educativos, socioculturales y tecnológicos en la configuración de los resultados de la alfabetización financiera. Utilizando microdatos primarios de 1.653 estudiantes universitarios, el estudio aplica modelos de regresión multivariante y técnicas de descomposición de Blinder-Oaxaca para examinar tanto los determinantes de la alfabetización financiera como las fuentes de las brechas de género. Nuestros resultados indican que la formación académica y la exposición a la tecnología son los correlatos positivos más sólidos de la alfabetización financiera en ambos contextos. Sin embargo, persisten importantes disparidades de género, especialmente en España, donde la brecha de género es considerablemente mayor y se explica principalmente por factores estructurales y de comportamiento, más que por características observables. Los resultados también revelan importantes diferencias entre países en la composición de los conocimientos financieros, en particular entre los conceptos financieros tradicionales y los ámbitos financieros digitales asociados a entornos de aprendizaje informales. En general, el estudio pone de relieve la naturaleza multidimensional y dependiente del contexto de la alfabetización financiera y subraya la necesidad de intervenciones de política pública adaptadas a cada caso, en particular aquellas destinadas a reforzar las capacidades financieras de las niñas y las mujeres.
Cómo citar
Lopez-Lapo, J. L., & Del Brio, E. (2026). ¿Qué nivel de alfabetización financiera tiene la Generación Z? Un estudio comparativo entre países. Cuadernos De Gestión, 26(2), 59–75. https://doi.org/10.5295/cdg.252432jl
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Keywords
Alfabetización financiera, Disparidades de género, Generación Z, Educación superior, Exposición tecnológica
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