Politeness in early Ptolemaic papyri: a frame-based approach
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Publicado
21-02-2022
Carla Bruno
Resumen
This paper deals with the expression of linguistic politeness in early Hellenistic documentary papyrus letters, through a data-oriented approach exploiting the notion of “frame” (cf. Terkourafi 2001), which accounts for politeness in terms of regular correlations between forms and contexts. The study focuses on a subset of epistolary types, i.e., business and administrative letters, recommendations and petitions, considering those situational and expressive features that make them distinct frames of interaction. Deviations from the frame of the petition within the corpus are then taken into account and evaluated in terms of impoliteness or rudeness
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References
Austin, M., 1981, The Hellenistic World from Alexander to the Roman Conquest, Cambridge: CUP.
Bruno, C., 2015, «Aspetti della variazione nelle lettere papiracee in lingua greca dell’Egitto tolemaica», Quaderni di AIΩN NS 3, 33-50.
Bruno, C., 2017, «Variations of the First Person: Looking at the Greek Private Letters of Ptolemaic Egypt», en P. Molinelli (ed.), Language and Identity in Multilingual Mediterranean settings: Challenges for Historical Sociolinguistics, Berlin/New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 49-64.
Bruno, C., 2020, «Forms of the directive speech act: evidence from early Ptolemaic papyri», en D. Rafiyenko, I. Seržant (eds.), Contemporary Approaches to Postclassical Greek, Berlin/New York: Walter de Gruyter, 221-244.
Bagnall, R., & R. Cribiore, 2006, Women’s letters from Ancient Egypt: 300 B.C.-A.D. 800, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Brown, P., & S. C. Levinson, 1987, Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage, Cambridge: CUP.
Clarysse, W., 1993, «Egyptian Scribes Writing Greek», Chronique d’Égypte 68, 186-201.
Culpeper J., & M. Terkourafi, 2017, «Pragmatic Approaches (Im)politeness», en J. Culpeper, M. Haugh, D. Z. Kádár (eds.), The Palgrave Handbook of Linguistic (Im)politeness, London: Palgrave Macmillan, 11-39.
Culpeper, J., 2010, «Conventionalised impoliteness formulae», Journal of Pragmatics 42, 3232-3245.
Culpeper, J., 2011a, «Politeness and impoliteness», en K. Aijmer, G. Andersen (eds.), Sociopragmatics, Volume 5 of W. Bublitz, A.H. Jucker, K.P. Schneider (eds.), Handbooks of Pragmatics, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 391-436.
Culpeper, J., 2011b, Impoliteness. Using Language to Cause Offence, Cambridge: CUP.
Denizot, C. 2011, Donner des ordres en grec ancien: étude linguistique des formes de l’injonction, Mont-Saint-Aignan: Presses des Universités de Rouen et du Havre.
Dickey, E., 2016, «Emotional Language and Formulae of Persuasion in Greek Papyrus Letters», en E. Sanders, M. Johncock (eds.), Emotion and Persuasion in Classical Antiquity, Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 237-262.
Evans T., & D. Obbink (2010), «Introduction», en T. Evans, D. Obbink (eds.), The Language of the Papyri, Oxford: OUP, 1-12.
Exler, F. X. J., 1923, The form of the ancient Greek letter of the epistolary papyri (3rd c. B.C.–3rd c. A.D.). A study in Greek epistolography, Washington D.C.: Ares.
Klauck, H.-J., 2006, Ancient Letters and the New Testament. A Guide to the Context and Exegesis, Waco Texas: Baylor University Press.
Koskenniemi, H., 1956, Studien zur Idee und Phraseologie des griechischen Briefes bis 400 n. Chr., Helsinki: Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia.
Leiwo, M., 2010, «Imperatives and Other Directives in the Greek Letters from Mons Claudianus», en T. Evans, D. Obbink (eds.), The Language of the Papyri, Oxford: OUP, 97-119.
Logozzo, F., 2015, «Register Variation and Personal Interaction in the Zenon Archive», Studi e Saggi Linguistici 53 (2), 227-244.
McKay, W., 2016, Ancient Greek at work. A pragmatic approach to business letters in 3rd century B.C.E. Egypt, PhD Thesis, Sydney: Macquarie University.
Palme, B., 2011, «The Range of Documentary Texts: Types and Categories», en R. S. Bagnall (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Papyrology, Oxford: OUP, 358-394.
Palmer, F., 1986, Mood and modality, Cambridge: CUP.
Porter, S., & M. O’Donnell, 2010, «Building and Examining Linguistic Phenomena in a Corpus of Representative Papyri», en T. Evans, D. Obbink (eds.), The Language of the Papyri, Oxford: OUP, 287-311.
Poster, C., 2007, «A Conversation Halved: Epistolary Theory in Greco-Roman Antiquity», en C. Poster, L.C. Mitchell (eds.), Letter-Writing Manuals and Instruction from Antiquity to the Present, Columbia: The University of South Carolina Press, 21-51.
Risselada, R., 1993, Imperative and Other Directive Expressions in Latin: A Study in the Pragmatics of a Dead Language, Amsterdam: Gieben.
Rostovcev, M., 1922, A Large Estate in Egypt in the Third Century B. C.: A Study in Economic History, Madison: University of Wisconsin Studies.
Sarri, A., 2008, Material Aspects of Letter Writing in the Graeco-Roman World, Berlin/Boston: Walter de Gruyter.
Searle, J., 1969, Speech Acts: An Essay in the Philosophy of Language, Cambridge: CUP.
Terkourafi, M., 2001, Politeness in Cypriot Greek: A Frame-Based Approach, PhD. Dissertation, University of Cambridge.
Terkourafi, M., 2005. «Beyond the micro-level in politeness research», Journal of Politeness Research 1 (2), 237-262.
Terkourafi, M., 2008, «Toward a unified theory of politeness, impoliteness, and rudeness», en D. Bousfield, M.A. Locher, Impoliteness in language: studies on its interplay with power in theory and practice, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 45-74.
Terkourafi, M., 2009, «On de-limiting context», en: A. Bergs, G. Diewald (eds.), Contexts and Constructions, Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 17-42.
Terkourafi, M., 2015 «Conventionalization: A new agenda for im/politeness research», Journal of Pragmatics 86, 11-18.
White, J., 1986, Light from Ancient Letters, Philadelphia: Fortress Press.
Bruno, C., 2015, «Aspetti della variazione nelle lettere papiracee in lingua greca dell’Egitto tolemaica», Quaderni di AIΩN NS 3, 33-50.
Bruno, C., 2017, «Variations of the First Person: Looking at the Greek Private Letters of Ptolemaic Egypt», en P. Molinelli (ed.), Language and Identity in Multilingual Mediterranean settings: Challenges for Historical Sociolinguistics, Berlin/New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 49-64.
Bruno, C., 2020, «Forms of the directive speech act: evidence from early Ptolemaic papyri», en D. Rafiyenko, I. Seržant (eds.), Contemporary Approaches to Postclassical Greek, Berlin/New York: Walter de Gruyter, 221-244.
Bagnall, R., & R. Cribiore, 2006, Women’s letters from Ancient Egypt: 300 B.C.-A.D. 800, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Brown, P., & S. C. Levinson, 1987, Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage, Cambridge: CUP.
Clarysse, W., 1993, «Egyptian Scribes Writing Greek», Chronique d’Égypte 68, 186-201.
Culpeper J., & M. Terkourafi, 2017, «Pragmatic Approaches (Im)politeness», en J. Culpeper, M. Haugh, D. Z. Kádár (eds.), The Palgrave Handbook of Linguistic (Im)politeness, London: Palgrave Macmillan, 11-39.
Culpeper, J., 2010, «Conventionalised impoliteness formulae», Journal of Pragmatics 42, 3232-3245.
Culpeper, J., 2011a, «Politeness and impoliteness», en K. Aijmer, G. Andersen (eds.), Sociopragmatics, Volume 5 of W. Bublitz, A.H. Jucker, K.P. Schneider (eds.), Handbooks of Pragmatics, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 391-436.
Culpeper, J., 2011b, Impoliteness. Using Language to Cause Offence, Cambridge: CUP.
Denizot, C. 2011, Donner des ordres en grec ancien: étude linguistique des formes de l’injonction, Mont-Saint-Aignan: Presses des Universités de Rouen et du Havre.
Dickey, E., 2016, «Emotional Language and Formulae of Persuasion in Greek Papyrus Letters», en E. Sanders, M. Johncock (eds.), Emotion and Persuasion in Classical Antiquity, Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 237-262.
Evans T., & D. Obbink (2010), «Introduction», en T. Evans, D. Obbink (eds.), The Language of the Papyri, Oxford: OUP, 1-12.
Exler, F. X. J., 1923, The form of the ancient Greek letter of the epistolary papyri (3rd c. B.C.–3rd c. A.D.). A study in Greek epistolography, Washington D.C.: Ares.
Klauck, H.-J., 2006, Ancient Letters and the New Testament. A Guide to the Context and Exegesis, Waco Texas: Baylor University Press.
Koskenniemi, H., 1956, Studien zur Idee und Phraseologie des griechischen Briefes bis 400 n. Chr., Helsinki: Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia.
Leiwo, M., 2010, «Imperatives and Other Directives in the Greek Letters from Mons Claudianus», en T. Evans, D. Obbink (eds.), The Language of the Papyri, Oxford: OUP, 97-119.
Logozzo, F., 2015, «Register Variation and Personal Interaction in the Zenon Archive», Studi e Saggi Linguistici 53 (2), 227-244.
McKay, W., 2016, Ancient Greek at work. A pragmatic approach to business letters in 3rd century B.C.E. Egypt, PhD Thesis, Sydney: Macquarie University.
Palme, B., 2011, «The Range of Documentary Texts: Types and Categories», en R. S. Bagnall (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Papyrology, Oxford: OUP, 358-394.
Palmer, F., 1986, Mood and modality, Cambridge: CUP.
Porter, S., & M. O’Donnell, 2010, «Building and Examining Linguistic Phenomena in a Corpus of Representative Papyri», en T. Evans, D. Obbink (eds.), The Language of the Papyri, Oxford: OUP, 287-311.
Poster, C., 2007, «A Conversation Halved: Epistolary Theory in Greco-Roman Antiquity», en C. Poster, L.C. Mitchell (eds.), Letter-Writing Manuals and Instruction from Antiquity to the Present, Columbia: The University of South Carolina Press, 21-51.
Risselada, R., 1993, Imperative and Other Directive Expressions in Latin: A Study in the Pragmatics of a Dead Language, Amsterdam: Gieben.
Rostovcev, M., 1922, A Large Estate in Egypt in the Third Century B. C.: A Study in Economic History, Madison: University of Wisconsin Studies.
Sarri, A., 2008, Material Aspects of Letter Writing in the Graeco-Roman World, Berlin/Boston: Walter de Gruyter.
Searle, J., 1969, Speech Acts: An Essay in the Philosophy of Language, Cambridge: CUP.
Terkourafi, M., 2001, Politeness in Cypriot Greek: A Frame-Based Approach, PhD. Dissertation, University of Cambridge.
Terkourafi, M., 2005. «Beyond the micro-level in politeness research», Journal of Politeness Research 1 (2), 237-262.
Terkourafi, M., 2008, «Toward a unified theory of politeness, impoliteness, and rudeness», en D. Bousfield, M.A. Locher, Impoliteness in language: studies on its interplay with power in theory and practice, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 45-74.
Terkourafi, M., 2009, «On de-limiting context», en: A. Bergs, G. Diewald (eds.), Contexts and Constructions, Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 17-42.
Terkourafi, M., 2015 «Conventionalization: A new agenda for im/politeness research», Journal of Pragmatics 86, 11-18.
White, J., 1986, Light from Ancient Letters, Philadelphia: Fortress Press.
Sección
"New Insights into Politeness and Impoliteness"
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