Hidrogenoa erregai gisa itsas garraioko barne errekuntza motorretan: Jariakinen Dinamika Konputazional simulazioen beharra eta etorkizuneko erronkak: Hydrogen as fuel in internal marine transport combustion engines: need for CFD simulations and future challenges

Abstract

International shipping is the backbone of the world economy. 70-80% of goods are transported by sea. Focusing on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) concluded in 2021 that international maritime transport accounted for 2.89% of global CO₂ emissions and international maritime transport emissions could grow to 130% compared to 2008. One way to reduce GHG is to use carbon-free fuels. The use of hydrogen (H₂) as alternative fuel reduces GHG by 80-100%. In the case of maritime transport, the dual cycle diesel H₂ engines are of interest, because they provide flexibility to maritime transport by making the routes they want (because if the H₂ cannot be acquired in ports, it can continue burning diesel), while at the same time GHG emissions can be reduced. The combustion of H₂ is difficult because it is a new line of research and we are at the moment of understanding flasback, flame temperature, self-ignition and detonation. Hence, simulations through computational fluid dynamics (CDF) are essential. This work examines the possibilities of H₂, analyses the dual cycle diesel-H₂ engines, and to simulate these processes and study the use of renewable fuels such as hydrogen, analyses the currently available software and modelling challenge.