Euskal landa-arkitekturako eredu tradizionalaren eraikuntza-bilakaeraren eragina portaera higrotermiko pasiboan: Lea ibarreko kasu-azterketa

Abstract

Traditional architecture presents energy balance and high-efficiency passive strategies as a function of the outdoor environmental conditions and the characteristics of the construction of the building. Therefore, the indoor environment depends on the relationship between the both of them. The main objective of this article is to diagnose and determine the evolution of the indoor passive hygrothermal behaviour of the traditional Basque architectural model as a consequence of its historically successive constructive adaptation. For that purpose, the traditional architecture of Lea River valley, which is located in the Historical Territory of Bizkaia and characterized by a temperate-humid climate, has been analysed. Since its origin in the 15^th century as an «architectural model», it has suffered from many constructive adaptive solutions due to the social, economic and technical demands, which have also implied the evolution or variation of its passive hygrothermal behaviour. The in-situ constructive data collection has led to define the most representative models in order to obtain the base behaviour diagnosis. The two hygrothermal variables, that is, the Operative Temperature [ºC] and Relative Humidity [%], have been obtained from computational models that have been defined by the energy simulation Design Builder v. 5.0.1.024 programme. The obtained data has been collected according to the external environmental conditions and the building type. Finally, the results have been summarized and chronologically compared based on daily basis of winter, summer and mid-season division.