Nola aurre egin itsas garraioak eragindako klima-aldaketari? Estrategia berriak

Abstract

Currently maritime transport is growing due to globalization and economic growth, and it transports approximately the 90% of the world's goods. World maritime transport fleet is increasing in amount and in size of vessels and, accordingly, marine fuel oil consumption is also increasing. The marine fuel oil consumption represents the 50% of the operational costs of a vessel and it has a huge environmental impact (ocean acidification, pollution, greenhouse effect, climate change…). Consequently, IMO (International Maritime Organization) created a specific environmental regulation and divided the ocean in different ECA zones (Emission Control Areas). The present work analyses the best strategy, a shipowner should adopt, to comply with ECA regulations, in three different panoramas: i) using an active vessel, placing a scrubber or consuming low sulphur marine fuel oil; ii) constructing a new vessel, choosing between marine dual engine or marine diesel engine in both cases with or without scrubber; and iii) in case new ECA zones are created, which affects directly the vessel's operational area.