Tabako-ohitura eta bihotz-biriketako gaitasuna, hipertentsioa, gehiegizko pisua, bizimodu sedentarioa eta ez-aktiboa duten pertsonengan

Abstract

Tobacco consumption is a widespread habit that can increase the risk of most chronic diseases. Among these, it has been observed that it may be the cause of hypertension. It may also have a detrimental effect on physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) levels. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of an exercise intervention on CRF and tobacco consumption in people with hypertension, overweight, sedentary, and inactive lifestyles. 222 participants (53.8 ± 7.9 years) participated in the EXERDIET-HTA study. Sixteen weeks of supervised exercise (two days per week) were performed, divided into two different groups of smokers (SG) and non-smokers (NSG). All tests were repeated before and after the intervention. In the comparison of the pre-intervention groups, the SG, compared to the NSG, showed higher values of body mass index, body mass index, and fat mass (p<0.05). In contrast, no differences (p>0.05) were observed in the CRF variables (peak oxygen consumption and metabolic equivalent). At the end of the intervention, both groups reported significant improvements in body composition and CRF values. On the other hand, concerning the delta change, significant differences were observed in fat mass and fat-free mass parameters with greater improvements observed in SG (p<0.05). Therefore, regardless of smoking (SG vs. NSG), exercise intervention had beneficial effects on CRF in hypertensive, overweight, sedentary, and inactive individuals. The results of this study may help to spread the anti-smoking message of health professionals in society and to disseminate healthier lifestyles.