Hiri Drainatze Sistema Jasangarriak (HDSJ) eta haien eragina hirietako isurketa-uren kalitatean

Abstract

Latest research has presented Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) as a useful tool in order to reduce runoff volumes and improve their quality. There are four types depending on their purpose: source control, runoff deceleration, runoff storage and infiltration systems. The objective of this article has been to review the bibliography about the influence of SUDS on the quality of urban runoff. The main pollutants in urban runoff include heavy metals, nutrients and organic compounds. Those pollutants can be found dissolved or adsorbed to particulates and methods intended to remove both forms include a decantation step and a filtration step, the first for the removal of particulates and the latter for the reduction of both. SUDS which include both steps have shown good results. In regard to the most common systems, permeable pavements have been proved to be efficient removing heavy metals and phosphates and bio-retention systems might also be interesting tools, since runoff can be absorbed and transformed by the vegetation layer. Due to sustainability projects, some SUDS have been placed in Gipuzkoa; for instance, permeable pavements have been built in Donostia and Legazpi which can provide the option of evaluating the efficiency of SUDS, comparing the quality of water samples before and after passing through the SUDS.