Menstruazio aurreko sintomak eta tratamendua gure inguruko emakumeengan

Abstract

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) refers to the somatic and affective symptoms that appear cyclically with ovulation. Although not completely known, sex hormones and serotonin seem to play a role in its pathophysiology. Psychotherapy and non-pharmacological measures are recommended for mild symptoms. Tretament of more severe symptoms includes selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and combined oral contraceptives (COCs). This work investigated the prevalence of PMS in our area and the treatment given to these symptoms. 118 women answered an anonymous questionnaire. 61% of the sample had consulted a doctor because of premenstrual symptoms, but only 8% had a PMS diagnosis. 18% of the sample took mood enhancing drugs, but only 5% took them with the aim of improving PMS. The use of oral contraceptives was wider (48% of all women), although only 33% took them to improve PMS. Among those who had inquired about premenstrual symptoms, mood enhancing drug and contraceptive use were 24% and 60%, respectively. Symtoms improved in 24% and 58% of those who took mood enhancing drugs and contraceptives, respectively. Thus, many women are concerned about premenstrual symptoms, but few are diagnosed, which may prevent access to appropriate treatment. Although SSRI are considered first-line PMS treatment, prescription of oral contraceptives prevailed for the relief of symptoms in our sample, and improved symptoms better than mood enhancing drugs. Despite its limitations, this work gathers important information about PMS in our area. Future work should measure PMS knowledge, and the availability of standardized diagnosis and treatment among primary care professionals.