Governance of human genome editing: structural problems and international solutions

Abstract

This article critically examines the current governance of human genome editing. Drawing on a comparative legal approach, it identifies two structural problems: regulatory fragmentation across jurisdictions and the weakness of soft law and enforcement mechanisms. On the basis of this diagnosis, it proposes an integrated multilevel governance model grounded in shared minimum standards, polycentric oversight, the articulation of public regulation and private governance, and dynamic mechanisms for normative revision.