Capital estructural, capacidad de innovación, y rendimiento empresarial en empresas colombianas de base tecnológica
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
Resumen
En la economía actual, la innovación está considerada como uno de los principales factores de competitividad, si no el más relevante. Tradicionalmente, el estudio de la innovación se ha abordado desde diferentes perspectivas. Recientemente, la literatura sobre gestión del conocimiento y capital intelectual ha aportado nuevos puntos de vista.
En esta línea, el propósito de este trabajo consiste en analizar el impacto de diferentes condiciones organizativas – "capital estructural" – en la capacidad de innovación y en el desempeño de las empresas desde una perspectiva de "capital intelectual" (CI). En lo que a la capacidad de innovación se refiere, se considerarán dos dimensiones de ésta: la generación de nuevas ideas y la gestión de proyectos de innovación.
La población objeto de estudio está constituida por empresas colombianas de base tecnológica. Con el propósito de recopilar información sobre las variables consideradas en la investigación, se diseñó un cuestionario que fue administrado a los directores generales de las compañías que forman parte de la población objetivo. La muestra analizada está formada por 69 empresas y es lo suficientemente grande como para llevar a cabo un análisis estadístico de modelización de ecuaciones estructurales basadas en mínimos cuadrados parciales por medio del software PLS-Graph (Chin y Frye, 2003).
Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el capital estructural explica en gran medida la efectividad del proceso de generación de nuevas ideas y de la gestión de proyectos de innovación. Sin embargo, la influencia ejercida por parte de cada componente específico del capital estructural (diseño organizativo, cultura organizativa, políticas de selección de personal y desarrollo profesional, estrategia de innovación, capital tecnológico y estructura externa) difiere. Por otra parte, la gestión eficaz de los proyectos de innovación es la única dimensión de la capacidad de innovación que ejerce una influencia significativa sobre el desempeño empresarial.
Cómo citar
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
Capital intelectual, capital estructural, generación de nuevas ideas, gestión de proyectos de innovación, desempeño empresarial, empresas colombianas
Andriessen D., 2004. Making Sense of Intellectual Capital - Designing a Method for the Valuation of Intangible. Burlington, MA: Elsevier Butterworth Heinemann.
Barclay D., Higgins C. and Thompson R., 1995. The Partial Least Squares (PLS) Approach to Causal Modeling: Personal Computer Adoption and Use as an Illustration, Technological Studies (special issue on Research Methodology), No.2, 285-309.
Bessant J. and Tidd J., 2007. Innovation and entrepreneurship. Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons.
Bontis N., 1999. Managing organizational knowledge by diagnosing intellectual capital: framing and advancing the state of the field. International Journal of Technology Management, 18(5-7), 433-462.
Brookes N.J., Morton S.C., Grossman S., Joesbury P. and Varnes D., 2007. Analyzing social capital to improve product development team performance: action-research investigation in the aerospace industry with TRW and GKN. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 54(4), 814-830.
CIC, 2003. Intellectus Model: Measurement and Management of Intellectual Capital. Intellectus Document, No.5, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid.
Crossan, M., 2010. “A Multi-Dimensional Framework of Organizational Innovation: A Systematic Review of the Literature”, Journal of Management Studies, 46 (6), 1154-1191.
Chin W.W. and Frye T., 2003. PLS-Graph Version 3.00, Build 1017, University of Houston, Texas.
Dalkir K., 2005. Knowledge Management in Theory and Practice. Burlington, MA: Elsevier.
Davila, T., Epstein, M., and Shelton, R., 2013. Making Innovation Work: how to manage it, measure it, and profit from it, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson.
Drucker P., 1988. The coming of the new organization. Harvard Business Review, JanuaryFebruary, 45-53.
Edvinsson L. and Richtner A., 1999. Words of value – giving words to IC. Skandia, Sweden.
Eisenhardt K.M. and Martin J.A., 2000. Dynamic capabilities: what are they? Strategic Management Journal, 21(10-11), 1105-1121.
European Commission, 2006. RICARDIS: reporting intellectual capital to augment research, development and innovation in SMEs, Brussels.
Fischer M.M., 2001. Innovation, knowledge creation and systems of innovation. The Annals of Regional Science, 35(2), 199-216.
Friedman V.J., Lipshitz R. and Overmeer W., 2003. Creating Conditions for Organizational Learning. in Dierkes, M., Berthoin, A., Child J. and Nonaka, I. (Eds), Handbook of Organizational Learning & Knowledge. New York: Oxford University Press, 757-774.
Hofstede G., 1983. National cultures in four dimensions: A research-based theory of cultural differences among nations. International Studies of Management and Organization, 12(1-2), 46-74.
Ichijo K., 2007. Enabling Knowledge-Based Competence of a Corporation. In Ichijo, K. and Nonaka, I. (Eds). Knowledge Creation and Management: New Challenges for Managers. New York: Oxford University Press, 83-96.
Kalla H.K., 2005. Integrated internal communications: a multidisciplinary perspective. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 10(4), 302-314.
Kianto A., 2007. What do we really mean by the dynamic dimension of intellectual capital?. International Journal of Learning and Intellectual Capital, 4(4), 342-356.
Kianto, A., 2008. “Development and validation of a survey instrument for measuring organizational renewal capability”, International Journal of Technology Management, 42 (1-2), 69-88.
Kianto, A., Hurmelinna-Laukkanen, P., and Ritala, P., 2010. “Intellectual Capital in service- and product- oriented companies”, Journal of Intellectual Capital, 11(3), 305-325.
Leiponen A., 2006. Managing knowledge for innovation: the case of business-to-business services. The Journal of Product Innovation Management, 23(3), 238-258.
López, P., Martín, G., Navas, J.E., and Delgado, M., 2010. Intellectual Capital and Technological Innovation: Knowledge-Based Theory and Practice, Hershey (PA): IGI Global.
Lundvall B.A. and Nielsen P., 2007. Knowledge management and innovation performance. International Journal of Manpower, 28(3-4), 207-223.
Marr B., 2006. Strategic performance management – Leveraging and measuring your intangible value drivers. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Martins E.C., 2000. The influence of organizational culture on creativity and innovation in a university library, MInf Dissertation, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.
Maznevski M. and Athanassiou N., 2007. Bringing the Outside in: Learning and Knowledge Management Through External Networks. In Ichijo K. and Nonaka I. (Eds), Knowledge Creation and Management: New Challenges for Managers. New York: Oxford University Press, 69-82.
Meritum Project, 2002. Guidelines for managing and reporting on intangibles. Madrid: Fundación Airtel Móvil..
Menor L.J., Kristal M.M. and Rosenzweig E.D., 2007. Examining the influence of operational intellectual capital on capabilities and performance. Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, 9(4), 559-578.
Nahapiet J. and Ghoshal S., 1998. Social capital, intellectual capital, and the organizational advantage. Academy of Management Review, 23(2), 242-266.
Nenonen S., 2004. Analyzing the intangible benefits of work space. Facilities, 22(9-10), 233-239.
Nonaka I., 1991. The Knowledge-Creating Company. Harvard Business Review, 69(6), 96-104.
Nonaka I. and Takeuchi H,. 1995. The Knowledge-Creating Company. New York: Oxford University Press..
Nonaka I., Reinmoeller P. and Senoo D., 1998. The Art of Knowledge: Systems to Capitalize on Market Knowledge. European Management Journal, 16(6), 673-684.
Nonaka I., Schamer O., and Toyama R. (2001) “Building ba to enhance knowledge creation and innovation at large firms”, [on line], www.dialogonleadership.org/Nonaka_et_al.html.
Nonaka I., Toyama R. and Byosière P., 2003. A Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation: Understanding the Dynamic Process of Creating Knowledge. In Dierkes M., Berthoin A., Child J. and Nonaka I. (Eds), Handbook of Organizational Learning & Knowledge. New York: Oxford University Press, 491-517.
Nonaka I., von Krogh G. and Voelpel S., 2006. Organizational Knowledge Creation Theory: Evolutionary Paths and Future Advances. Organization Studies, 27(8), 1179-1208.
Plessis M., 2007. The role of knowledge management in innovation. Journal of Knowledge Management, 11(49), 20-29.
Roos, G. and Pike, S., 2009. “An Intellectual Capital view of business model innovation”, In Bounfour, A. (Ed.), Organizational Capital: Modelling, measuring, and contextualising, New York: Routledge, 40-62.
Shapiro C. and Varian H., 1998. Information Rules: A Strategic Guide to the Network Economy. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
Stewart T.A., 1997. Intellectual capital: the new wealth of organization. New York: Doubleday/Currency..
Subramaniam M. and Youndt M.A., 2005. The influence of intellectual capital on the types of innovative capabilities. Academy of Management Journal, 48(3), 450-463.
Sveiby K.E., 1997. The New Organizational Wealth: Managing and Measuring Knowledge-Based Assets. San Francisco, CAQ: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
Teece D.J., 2007. Explicating dynamic capabilities: The nature and microfoundations of (sustainable) enterprise performance. Strategic Management Journal, 28(13), 1319-1350.
Teece D.J., 2009. The nature and microfoundations of (sustainable) enterprise performance. In Teece D.J. (Ed.), Dynamic capabilities & strategic management - Organizing for innovation and growth. New York: Oxford University Press, 3-64.
Thompson V.A., 1965. Bureaucracy and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 10(1), 1-20.
Van de Ven A. H., 1986. Central problems in the management of innovation. Management Science, 32(5), 590-607.
Wiig K., 2004. People-Focused Knowledge Management. Oxford: Elsevier.
Wold H., 1985. Partial least squares. In Kotz S. and Johnson N.L. (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Statistical Sciences. New York: Wiley, 581-591.
Wu S.H., Lin L.Y. and Hsu M.Y., 2007. Intellectual capital, dynamic capabilities and innovative performance of organizations. International Journal of Technology Management, 39(3-4), 279-296.
Yang, C. and Lin, C., 2009. “Does Intellectual Capital mediate the relationship between HRM and organizational performance?, Perspective of a healthcare industry in Taiwan”, International Journal of Human Resource Management, 20 (9), 1965-1984.
Youndt M.A., Subramaniam M. and Snell, S.A., 2004. Intellectual capital profiles: an examination of investments and returns. Journal of Management Studies, 41(2), 335-362.
Los autores mantienen el copyright de la publicación. Las publicaciones en Cuadernos de Gestión se distribuyen bajo la licencia de Creative Commons -CC-BY-NC-ND, garantizando el acceso abierto a toda la sociedad.
En concreto la licencia CC-BY-NC-ND permite utilización, copia, distribución y comunicación pública de la obra, siempre que los autores y la fuente sean correctamente citados y no se utilice para propósitos comerciales.
El/la autor/a puede hacer libre uso de su artículo indicando siempre que el texto ha sido publicado en Management Letters/Cuadernos de Gestión y cualquier re-edición del mismo deberá contar con la autorización de la revista.