Magonia or Maonia? On the origins of the name of a mythic land
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Published
02-02-2021
Juan Antonio Jiménez Sánchez
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7382-1278
Abstract
The present work aims to study the origin of the name of Magonia, a place name that, despite its great popularity, corresponds to a hapax only documented in a Agobard of Lyon’s work, although a Florus’ gloss to Augustine offers the Maonia variant. In order to find the origin of this word, we will analyze 7th and 8th centuries Frankish texts which allude to the maones ‒harvest thieves who made use of magical means‒, we will examine the proposals of contemporary historiography, and finally we will offer our own hypothesis: the name of Magonia comes from Hemonia (Thessaly), even though it later lost the toponymic component and recovered it in the 9th century with Agobard, who created the Magonia form to refer to a place that no longer had anything to do with reality.
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References
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Platelle, H., 2004, «Agobard, évêque de Lyon (†840). Les soucoupes volantes, les convulsionnaires», en: H. Platelle (ed.), Présence de l’au-delà. Une vision medieval du monde, Villeneuve d’Ascq: Presses Universitaires du Septentrion, 105-112.
Poncelet, A., 1903, «La plus ancienne vie de S. Riquier», Analecta Bollandiana 22, 173-194 (https://doi.org/10.1484/J.ABOL.4.00487).
Ross, M., 1998, «Anchors in a Three-Decker World», Folklore 109, 63-75 (https://doi.org/10.1080/0015587X.1998.9715962).
Schmitt, J.-C., 1992, Historia de la superstición, Barcelona: Crítica (trad. T. Clavel: Les “Superstitions”, Paris: Éditions du Seuil, 1988).
Veyrard-Cosme, C., 2003, L’oeuvre hagiographique en prose d’Alcuin. Vitae Willibrordi, Vedasti, Richarii. Édition, traduction, études narratologiques, Firenze: SISMEL Edizioni del Galluzzo.
Andrés Sanz, M.A., 2010, «Pirmenio», en: C. Codoñer (coord.), La Hispania visigótica y mozárabe. Dos épocas en su literatura, Salamanca: Universidad de Salamanca – Universidad de Extremadura, 265-267.
Banniard, M., 1994, «Seuils et frontières langagières dans la Francia romane du VIIIe siècle», en: J. Jarnut – U. Nonn – M. Richter (eds.), Karl Martell in seiner Zeit, Sigmaringen: Thorbecke, 171-191.
Blöcker, M., 1981, «Wetterzauber: Zu einem Glaubenskomplex des frühen Mittelalters», Francia 9, 117-131 (https://doi.org/10.11588/fr.1981.0.50894).
Boshof, E., 1969, Erzbischof Agobard von Lyon. Leben und Werk, Köln – Wien: Böhlau Verlag.
Brodu, J.-L., 1995, «Magonia: a re-evaluation», Fortean Studies 2, 198-215.
Cabaniss, J.A., 1953, Agobard of Lyons. Churchman and Critic, Syracuse: Syracuse University Press.
Caruso, P., 2018, I trattati di Agobardo di Lione contro le superstizioni. Introduzione, testo latino, traduzione italiana e note, Napoli: Accademia Pontaniana.
Chambert-Protat, P., 2014, «Florus de Lyon et les extra-terrestres», en: Florus de Lyon. Une bibliothèque et un auteur au milieu du neuvième siècle (disponible en: https://florus.hypotheses.org/292) [fecha de consulta: 20/03/2020].
Chevallard, P., 1869, L’Église et l’état en France au neuvième siècle: Saint Agobard, archevèque de Lyon. Sa vie et ses écrits, Lyon: P. N. Josserand.
Du Cange, C., 1884, «Dusii», en Glossarium Mediae et Infimae Latinitatis, III, Niort: L. Favre, 219-220.
Dutton, P. E., 2004, «Thunder and Hail over the Carolingian Countryside», Charlemagne’s Mustache and other Cultural Clusters of a Dark Age, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 169-188 (https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-06228-4_7).
Ferrari, M. C., 2003, “Aura leuatitia. Naturbeherrschung und Naturexegese im Frühmittelalter”, en: P. Dilg (ed.), Natur im Mittelalter. Konzeptionem, Erfahrungen, Wirkungen, Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 163-177 (https://doi.org/10.1524/9783050050065.163).
Grimm, J., 1835, Deutsche Mythologie, Göttingen: Dieterichschen Buchhandlung.
Grimm, J., 1882, Teutonic Mythology, I, London: George Bell and Sons (trad. J. S. Stallybrass: Deutsche Mythologie, Berlin: F. Dümmler, 18754).
Grimm, J., 1883, Teutonic Mythology, II, London: George Bell and Sons (trad. J. S. Stallybrass: Deutsche Mythologie, Berlin: F. Dümmler, 18774).
Hauswald, E., 2010, Pirmin. Scarapsus, MGH qgm, 25, Hannover: Hahnsche Buchhandlung.
Heidecker, K., 1995, «Agobard en de onweermakers. Magie en rationaliteit in de vroege Middeleeuwen», en: M. Mostert – A. Demyttenaere (eds.), De betovering van het middeleeuwse christendom. Studies over ritueel en magie in de Middeleeuwen, Hilversum: Verloren, 171-194.
Jiménez, J. A., 2018, Agobardo de Lyon. Sobre el granizo y los truenos. Introducción, traducción y comentarios, Madrid: ed. Siruela.
Judic, B., «La tradition de Grégoire le Grand dans l’idéologie politique carolingienne», en: R. Le Jan (ed.), La royauté et les élites dans l’Europe carolingienne (du début du IXè siècle aux environs de 920), Villeneuve d’Ascq, 1998, 17-57.
Latham, R.E., 1965 (reimpr. 1983), Revised Medieval Latin Word-List from British and Irish Sources, London: Oxford University Press.
Levison, W., 1946, England and the Continent in the Eighth Century, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Liebrecht, F., 1856, Des Gervasius von Tilbury Otia Imperialia, Hannover: Carl Rümpler.
Meens, R., 2012, «Thunder over Lyon: Agobard, the Tempestarii and Christianity», en: C. Steel – J. Marenbon – W. Verbeke (eds.), Paganism in the Middle Ages. Threat and Fascination, Leuven: Leuven University Press, 157-166.
Montesano, M., 2008, «La circolazione di motivi stregonici tra folklore e cultura scritta», en: D. Corsi – M. Duni (ed.), «Non lasciar vivere la malefica». Le streghe nei trattati e nei processi (secoli XIV-XVII), Firenze: Firenze University Press, 155-166 (https://doi.org/10.1400/113986).
Platelle, H., 2004, «Agobard, évêque de Lyon (†840). Les soucoupes volantes, les convulsionnaires», en: H. Platelle (ed.), Présence de l’au-delà. Une vision medieval du monde, Villeneuve d’Ascq: Presses Universitaires du Septentrion, 105-112.
Poncelet, A., 1903, «La plus ancienne vie de S. Riquier», Analecta Bollandiana 22, 173-194 (https://doi.org/10.1484/J.ABOL.4.00487).
Ross, M., 1998, «Anchors in a Three-Decker World», Folklore 109, 63-75 (https://doi.org/10.1080/0015587X.1998.9715962).
Schmitt, J.-C., 1992, Historia de la superstición, Barcelona: Crítica (trad. T. Clavel: Les “Superstitions”, Paris: Éditions du Seuil, 1988).
Veyrard-Cosme, C., 2003, L’oeuvre hagiographique en prose d’Alcuin. Vitae Willibrordi, Vedasti, Richarii. Édition, traduction, études narratologiques, Firenze: SISMEL Edizioni del Galluzzo.
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