Aluminiodun txerto-laguntzaileen eraginaren azterketa sistemen biologiaren bidez

Abstract

Aluminium compounds have been used as adjuvants for years in veterinary and human vaccines, but, despite their widespread use, the mechanism of how aluminium-based adjuvants exert their beneficial effects is still not fully understood and they occasionally can cause adverse reactions. The molecular signature of these adjuvants has been studied by system biology techniques in human and livestock. Transcriptomic analyses have found dysregulated genes linked to some of the proposed mechanisms of action of aluminium. Sometimes the results are contradictory because the immune reaction that is activated may be different depending on the situation. The shape, size, physicochemical properties or antigen absorption of aluminium salts can also have an effect. It seems that aluminium-containing adjuvants are not simple delivery vehicles for antigens, but also induce endogenous danger signals that stimulate the immune system. Whether this contributes to long-lasting immune activation or to the overstimulation of the immune system remains to be elucidated.