Mikrobiota-heste-garun ardatza eta terapia mikrobiologikoa Parkinson gaixotasunean

Abstract

Although Parkinson's disease (PD) is a highly prevalent neurodegenerative disease, it is often diagnosed late, even 20 years after the onset of symptoms, and there is no effective treatment to stop or attenuate the degeneration. While it has been associated mainly with motor symptoms, research in recent decades has investigated the impact of the disease on non-motor systems, analysing among others, its relationship with the intestinal microbiota. Recent studies have shown that the gut microbiota produce alterations in gut permeability and produce inflammatory metabolites which trough the gut-brain axis, can influence the progression of the disease. Moreover, related to intestinal dysbiosis or alteration of the intestinal microbiota, changes in the abundance of some microorganisms, especially specific bacterial genera, have already been described. Thus, treating the microbiota using diet therapy, probiotics, antibiotics and studies that have been carried out with faecal transplants have shown promising results. Advances in this field open the door to the search for new and more effective treatments, guaranteeing the importance of studying the microbiota-gut-brain axis in depth.