Dirac-en ekuazioa eta mekanika kuantiko erlatibista

Abstract

The Dirac equation is a partial differential equation that describes the movement of an electron from a relativistic perspective. Created by the physicist Paul Dirac in 1928, this equation has his- torically been significant as it introduced relativistic quantum mechanics. However, it is still relevant today. For example, it is used to analyse graphene, a material that has become important thanks to its electronic properties, both from a theoretical and a technological perspective. Furthermore, the Dirac equation can describe the confinement of quarks in hadrons. In this work, we will define the Dirac equation, analyse its creation, and study some of its main properties.