Continuidad, cambio y ruptura en las Industrias Culturales

Abstract

The last decade has seen a radical change in the Cultural Industries as a result of the irruption of new actors from other fields, who have taken a dominant position in the cultural-communicative flow. These actors, emerging from the sphere of new technologies, exert a global influence superior to that of the big hegemonic communication groups of the 20th century cultural-communication scene, creating a different media ecosystem, still in the making.

This mutation, with Google (Alphabet), Amazon, Facebook (Meta) and Apple forming the so-called GAFA (or GAFAM, if we add Microsoft), has been accompanied by the emergence of more players. Companies such as Netflix in the audiovisual sector or Spotify in the music industry have managed to change forms of consumption and business models. In fact, projections for 2030 suggest that revenues from OTT platforms will continue to increase, growing for example in Europe from the current 23% to around 40% (Future TV & Digital Content, Idate Digiworld, 2022). Meanwhile, in the music industry, more than half of its revenues are already derived from streaming (Digiworld Yearbook 2020).