Medikuntza birsortzaileari lotutako kornea birsortzeko konponbideak

Abstract

The human cornea is the outermost tissue of the eye and possesses unique properties such as transparency, avascularity and a specific structure that enables vision and acts as the first barrier against external insults. It consists of five different cellular and acellular layers with distinct composition and function that operate in coordination. Given that the cornea is essential for protection against external threats and for transmitting and refracting light, any damage to this tissue will impair visual acuity. Corneal transplantation has become the primary treatment for corneal blindness, however, a shortage of corneal donors has resulted in many patients being unable to undergo this procedure. This situation has encouraged the development of several corneal substitutes. Over the last decade, advances in the development and optimisation of new hydrogels have led to the development of new solutions for partial or total corneal replacement. Hydrogels are easily mouldable materials, which has led to significant advances in in vitro research and effective alternatives for the replacement of corneal tissue in the clinic. In this paper, we synthesise the application of hydrogel materials for various common corneal lesions in clinical practice.