Identity Marks, Desirable Social Attributes and Shared Phenotypes. An Analysis Based on Gamete Donation in Uruguay
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Published
12-09-2018
Mariana Viera Cherro
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3514-9916
Abstract
The management of gametes —ovules and sperm— of donation for assisted human reproduction treatments involves the recruitment of people willing to give part of their biology or fertility, a selection to define those who actually enter the donation process, the development of a "clinical work" oriented to the production of that reproductive material and finally, the distribution of the gametes between people or receiving couples. The selection process that defines those who actually become donors, implies an assessment of the person and the gametes that can contribute. At stake in this assessment are attributes conceived in different ways —reproductive capacity, phenotypic characteristics, ethnic / racial characteristics, genetic, intellectual attributes, among others— that speak of the conception that society makes of biological material and of what is considered valuable for the reproduction of the society as a whole and for the establishment of a specific filial relationship. In this article, I analyze how these attributes are defined and which are privileged when managing social reproduction and the production of a specific filial social relationship. It is not about analyzing the management of reproductive donation material for assisted human reproduction technologies itself, but as a way to understand how Uruguayan society conceives the relationships between biology, identity, filiation and reproduction.
How to Cite
Viera Cherro, M. (2018). Identity Marks, Desirable Social Attributes and Shared Phenotypes. An Analysis Based on Gamete Donation in Uruguay. Papeles De Identidad, 2018(2), papel 195. https://doi.org/10.1387/pceic.18880
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Keywords
assited reproduction, gametes, race, ethnicity, filiation, identity
References
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Bergmann, S. (2012). Resemblance that Matters: on Transnational Anonymized Egg Donation in Two European IVF Clinics. En M. Knecht, M. Klotz y S. Beck, S. (Eds.). Reproductive Technologies as Global Form. Ethnographies of Knowledge, Practices, and Transnational Encounters (pp. 331-355). Frankfurt: Campus Verlag.
Bestard, J. (2009). Los hechos de la reproducción asistida: entre el esencialismo biológico y el constructivismo social. Revista de Antropología Social, 18, 83-95.
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Luna, N. (2005). Natureza humana criada em laboratório: biologização e genetização do parentesco nas novas tecnologias reprodutivas. História, Ciências, Saúde, 12(2), 395-417.
Ministerio de Desarrollo Social (Mides) (2017). Caracterización de las nuevas corrientes migratorias en Uruguay. Nuevos orígenes latinoamericanos. Informe final. Recuperado de: http://www.mides.gub.uy/innovaportal/file/76604/1/caracterizacion-de-las-nuevas-corrientes-migratorias-en-uruguay.pdf.
Ribeiro, D. (1972). Configuraciones histórico-culturales de los pueblos americanos. Montevideo: CEL.
Sahlins, M. (1990). Uso y abuso de la biología. Una crítica antropológica de la sociobiología. Madrid: Siglo Veintiuno Editores.
Simpson, B. (1998). Comunidades genéticas imaginadas. En M. Boivin et al. (Eds.). Constructores de otredad (pp. 88-95). Buenos Aires: Eudeba.
Strathern, M. (1995). Neccesidade de país, neccesidade de maes. Estudos Feministas, 3(2), 303-329.
Uriarte, P., y Montealegre, N. (2018). "Al menos un puñado de gurises". Una experiencia de reasentamiento de niños sirios en Uruguay. Athenea Digital, 18(1), 91-112.
Viera Cherro, M. (2015). Tecnologías de reproducción asistida y deseo del hijo en el Río de la Plata. Montevideo: Universidad de la República.
Viera Cherro, M. (2016). Moralidades y reproducción asistida en el Río de la Plata. En C. Straw, E. Vargas, M. Viera Cherro y M. Tamanini (Orgs.). Reprodução assistida e relações de gênero na América Latina (pp. 239-264). Curitiba: CRV.
Waldby, C., y Cooper, M. (2008). The Biopolitics of Reproduction. Post-Fordist Biotechnology and Women's Clinical Labour. Australian Feminist Studies, 23(55), 57-73.
Ariza, L. (2013). The normativity of Nature: Morality, Variability and Kinship in the Gamete Exchange (Tesis doctoral inedita). Goldsmiths, University of London, Londres.
Bergmann, S. (2012). Resemblance that Matters: on Transnational Anonymized Egg Donation in Two European IVF Clinics. En M. Knecht, M. Klotz y S. Beck, S. (Eds.). Reproductive Technologies as Global Form. Ethnographies of Knowledge, Practices, and Transnational Encounters (pp. 331-355). Frankfurt: Campus Verlag.
Bestard, J. (2009). Los hechos de la reproducción asistida: entre el esencialismo biológico y el constructivismo social. Revista de Antropología Social, 18, 83-95.
Cabella, W., Nathan, M., y Tenenbaum, M. (2013). La población afro-uruguaya en el censo 2011. En J. J. Calvo (Coord.). Atlas sociodemográfico y de la desigualdad del Uruguay, 2. Montevideo: INE-Programa de Población e Instituto de Economía de la Universidad de la República-Mides-Presidencia de la República-UNFPA. Recuperado de: http://www.ine.gub.uy/documents/10181/34017/Atlas_fasciculo_2_Afrouruguayos.pdf/ec7ecb3f-ca0a-4071-b05f-28fdc20c94e2.
Diniz, D., y Gómez Costa, R. (2006). Infertilidad e infecundidad: acesso a nuevas tecnologías reproductivas. En C. Cáceres (Org.). Sexualidad, estigma y derechos humanos: desafíos para el acceso a la salud en América Latina (pp. 55-67). Lima: FASPA/UPCH.
Franklin, S. (1997). Embodied Progress. A Cultural Account of Assisted Conception. Nueva York: Routledge.
Grimson, A., Merenson, S., y Noel, G. (2012). Descentramientos teóricos. Introducción. En A. Grimson et al. (Comps.). Antropología Ahora (pp. 9-32). Buenos Aires: Siglo Veintiuno Editores.
Luna, N. (2005). Natureza humana criada em laboratório: biologização e genetização do parentesco nas novas tecnologias reprodutivas. História, Ciências, Saúde, 12(2), 395-417.
Ministerio de Desarrollo Social (Mides) (2017). Caracterización de las nuevas corrientes migratorias en Uruguay. Nuevos orígenes latinoamericanos. Informe final. Recuperado de: http://www.mides.gub.uy/innovaportal/file/76604/1/caracterizacion-de-las-nuevas-corrientes-migratorias-en-uruguay.pdf.
Ribeiro, D. (1972). Configuraciones histórico-culturales de los pueblos americanos. Montevideo: CEL.
Sahlins, M. (1990). Uso y abuso de la biología. Una crítica antropológica de la sociobiología. Madrid: Siglo Veintiuno Editores.
Simpson, B. (1998). Comunidades genéticas imaginadas. En M. Boivin et al. (Eds.). Constructores de otredad (pp. 88-95). Buenos Aires: Eudeba.
Strathern, M. (1995). Neccesidade de país, neccesidade de maes. Estudos Feministas, 3(2), 303-329.
Uriarte, P., y Montealegre, N. (2018). "Al menos un puñado de gurises". Una experiencia de reasentamiento de niños sirios en Uruguay. Athenea Digital, 18(1), 91-112.
Viera Cherro, M. (2015). Tecnologías de reproducción asistida y deseo del hijo en el Río de la Plata. Montevideo: Universidad de la República.
Viera Cherro, M. (2016). Moralidades y reproducción asistida en el Río de la Plata. En C. Straw, E. Vargas, M. Viera Cherro y M. Tamanini (Orgs.). Reprodução assistida e relações de gênero na América Latina (pp. 239-264). Curitiba: CRV.
Waldby, C., y Cooper, M. (2008). The Biopolitics of Reproduction. Post-Fordist Biotechnology and Women's Clinical Labour. Australian Feminist Studies, 23(55), 57-73.
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