Multiple wh-fronting in Archaic and Classical Basque / Galdetzaile metatuak Euskara Arkaikoan eta Klasikoan
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Publicado
29-01-2025
Xabier Artiagoitia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1607-3373
Resumen
This article studies the data on multiple wh-fronting in Archaic and Classical Basque. The main conclusions are threefold: (a) both Archaic and Classical Basque were multiple wh-fronting languages; (b) the most typical combinations of two wh-phrases (subject-object and subject-adjunct [how]) accord with the Superiority Condition; and (c) these wh-phrase combinations seem to be consistent with the usual pair-list answer interpretation attributed to multiple questions.
Cómo citar
Artiagoitia, Xabier. 2025. «Multiple Wh-Fronting in Archaic and Classical Basque / Galdetzaile Metatuak Euskara Arkaikoan Eta Klasikoan». Anuario Del Seminario De Filología Vasca "Julio De Urquijo" 57 ((1-2):67-87. https://doi.org/10.1387/asju.25916.
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References
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Andrés, Mercedes. 1996. Perpaus konposatuaren joskera (J. Leizarragarengan oinarriturik). Bilbo: Deustuko Unibertsitateko doktorego tesia.
Artiagoitia, Xabier 2000. Hatsarreak eta Parametroak lantzen. Gasteiz: Arabako Foru Aldundia & UPV/EHU.
Boeckx, Cedric & Kleanthes K. Grohmann (arg.). 2003. Multiple Wh-Fronting. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Boeckx, Cedric & Kleanthes K. Grohmann. 2003. Introduction. In Cedric Boeckx & Kleanthes K. Grohmann (arg.), 1-16. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Bošković, Željko. 1997. Superiority effects with multiple wh-fronting in Serbo-Croatian. Lingua 102. 1-20.
Bošković, Željko. 1999. On Multiple Feature Checking: Multiple Wh-Fronting and Multiple Head Movement. In Samuel David Epstein & Norbert Hornstein (arg.), Working Minimalism, 159-187. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Bošković, Željko. 2001. On the interpretation of multiple questions. Linguistic Variation Yearbook 1(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1075/livy.1.03bos.
Bošković, Željko. 2002. On multiple wh-fronting. Linguistic Inquiry 33(3). 351-383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002438902760168536.
Bošković, Željko. 2003. On wh-islands and obligatory wh-movement contexts in South Slavic. In Cedric Boeckx & Kleanthes Grohmann (arg.), Multiple wh-fronting, 27-50. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Bošković, Željko. 2007. A note on wh-typology. In Peter Kosta & Lilia Schürcks (arg.), Linguistic investigations into formal description of Slavic languages: Contributions of the sixth European conference held at Potsdam University, 159-170. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.
Bošković, Željko. 2015. Wh-movement. In Antonio Fábregas, Jaume Mateu and Michael T. Putnam (arg.), Contemporary Linguistic Parameters, 251-279. London: Bloomsbury.
Chomsky, Noam. 1973. Conditions on transformations. In Stephen Anderson & Paul Kiparsky (arg.), A Festschrift for Morris, 232-286. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Dryer, Matthew S. 2013. Position of Interrogative Phrases in Content Questions. In Matthew S. Dryer & Martin Haspelmath (arg.), The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. http://wals.info/chapter/93 (2022-09-23).
Duguine, Maia & Aritz Irurtzun. 2014. From obligatory WH-movement to optional WH-in-situ in Labourdin Basque. Language 90(1). e1-e30.10.1353/lan.2014.0006.
Etxepare, Ricardo. 2018. Ohar bat zer nork hurrenkeraren ezinaz euskaraz. Lapurdum 21. https://doi.org/10.4000/lapurdum.3762.
Etxepare, Ricardo & Jon Ortiz de Urbina. 2003. Focalization. In José Ignacio Hualde & Jon Ortiz de Urbina (arg.), A grammar of Basque, 459-516. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Euskaltzaindia. 1987. Euskal Gramatika. Lehen Urratsak-1. Bilbo: Euskaltzaindia.
Euskaltzaindiaren Gramatika Batzordea. 2021. Euskararen Gramatika. Bilbo: Euskaltzaindia.
Hagstrom, Paul. 1998. Decomposing questions. Cambridge: MITeko doktorego tesia.
Hornstein, Norbert. 1995. Logical Form: From GB to Minimalism. Oxford: Blackwell.
Irurtzun, Aritz. 2021. Why questions break the Residual V2 restriction (in Basque and beyond). In Gabriela Soare (arg.), Why is ‘Why’ Unique? Its Syntactic and Semantic Properties, 63-114. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.
Jeong, Youngmi. 2004. Multiple superiority effects in Basque. University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics 10(1). 103-114.
Jeong, Youngmi. 2007. Multiple Wh-Fronting in Basque. In Anastasia Conroy, Chunyuan Jing, Chizuru Nakao & Eri Takahashi (arg.), University of Maryland Working Papers in Linguistics 15, 98-142. College Park: UMWPiL.
Lafitte, Piarres. 1962. Grammaire basque (navarro-labourdin littéraire). Baiona: Ikas.
Laka, Itziar. 1986. Azpikotasunaren Baldintzaz: Muga Adabegiak Euskaraz. In Patxi Goenaga (arg.), Euskal Sintaxiaren Zenbait Arazo, 97-127. Bilbo: UPV/EHU.
Lakarra, Joseba Andoni. 1997. Euskararen historia eta filologia: arazo zahar, bide berri. ASJU 31(2). 447-535.
Michelioudakis, Dimitris & Ioanna Sitaridou. 2016. Recasting the typology of multiple wh-fronting: Evidence from Pontic Greek. Glossa: a journal of general linguistics 1(1): 40. 1-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/gjgl.72.
Ortiz de Urbina, Jon. 1989. Parameters in the grammar of Basque. Dordrecht: Foris.
Oyharçabal, Beñat. 1988. Operatzaile isila euskarazko perpaus erlatiboetan. ASJU 22(1). 93-97.
Reglero, Lara. 2003. Non-wh-fronting in Basque. In Cedric Boeckx & Kleanthes K. Grohmann (arg.), Multiple Wh-Fronting, 187-227. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Rijk, Rudolf P. G. de. 2008. Standard Basque. A progressive grammar. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Rudin, Catherine. 1988. On multiple questions and multiple wh-fronting. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 6. 445-501.
Salaberri, Patxi. 2002. Iraupena eta lekukotasuna. Donostia: Elkar.
Saltarelli, Mario. 1988. Basque. London & New York: Croom Helm.
Sportiche, Dominique, Hilda Koopman & Edward Stabler. 2014. An Introduction to Syntactic Analysis and Theory. Chichester: Wiley Blackwell.
Stoyanova, Marina. 2008. Unique Focus. Languages without multiple wh-questions. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Wachowicz, Krystyna. 1974. Against the Universality of a single Wh-question movement. Foundations of Language 11. 155-166.
Ereduzko Prosa Dinamikoa: https://www.ehu.eus/eu/web/eins/ereduzko-prosa-dinamikoa-epd-
Euskal Klasikoen Corpusa: https://www.ehu.eus/ehg/kc/
Klasikoen Gordailua: https://klasikoak.armiarma.eus/
Andrés, Mercedes. 1996. Perpaus konposatuaren joskera (J. Leizarragarengan oinarriturik). Bilbo: Deustuko Unibertsitateko doktorego tesia.
Artiagoitia, Xabier 2000. Hatsarreak eta Parametroak lantzen. Gasteiz: Arabako Foru Aldundia & UPV/EHU.
Boeckx, Cedric & Kleanthes K. Grohmann (arg.). 2003. Multiple Wh-Fronting. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Boeckx, Cedric & Kleanthes K. Grohmann. 2003. Introduction. In Cedric Boeckx & Kleanthes K. Grohmann (arg.), 1-16. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Bošković, Željko. 1997. Superiority effects with multiple wh-fronting in Serbo-Croatian. Lingua 102. 1-20.
Bošković, Željko. 1999. On Multiple Feature Checking: Multiple Wh-Fronting and Multiple Head Movement. In Samuel David Epstein & Norbert Hornstein (arg.), Working Minimalism, 159-187. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Bošković, Željko. 2001. On the interpretation of multiple questions. Linguistic Variation Yearbook 1(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1075/livy.1.03bos.
Bošković, Željko. 2002. On multiple wh-fronting. Linguistic Inquiry 33(3). 351-383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002438902760168536.
Bošković, Željko. 2003. On wh-islands and obligatory wh-movement contexts in South Slavic. In Cedric Boeckx & Kleanthes Grohmann (arg.), Multiple wh-fronting, 27-50. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Bošković, Željko. 2007. A note on wh-typology. In Peter Kosta & Lilia Schürcks (arg.), Linguistic investigations into formal description of Slavic languages: Contributions of the sixth European conference held at Potsdam University, 159-170. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.
Bošković, Željko. 2015. Wh-movement. In Antonio Fábregas, Jaume Mateu and Michael T. Putnam (arg.), Contemporary Linguistic Parameters, 251-279. London: Bloomsbury.
Chomsky, Noam. 1973. Conditions on transformations. In Stephen Anderson & Paul Kiparsky (arg.), A Festschrift for Morris, 232-286. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Dryer, Matthew S. 2013. Position of Interrogative Phrases in Content Questions. In Matthew S. Dryer & Martin Haspelmath (arg.), The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. http://wals.info/chapter/93 (2022-09-23).
Duguine, Maia & Aritz Irurtzun. 2014. From obligatory WH-movement to optional WH-in-situ in Labourdin Basque. Language 90(1). e1-e30.10.1353/lan.2014.0006.
Etxepare, Ricardo. 2018. Ohar bat zer nork hurrenkeraren ezinaz euskaraz. Lapurdum 21. https://doi.org/10.4000/lapurdum.3762.
Etxepare, Ricardo & Jon Ortiz de Urbina. 2003. Focalization. In José Ignacio Hualde & Jon Ortiz de Urbina (arg.), A grammar of Basque, 459-516. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Euskaltzaindia. 1987. Euskal Gramatika. Lehen Urratsak-1. Bilbo: Euskaltzaindia.
Euskaltzaindiaren Gramatika Batzordea. 2021. Euskararen Gramatika. Bilbo: Euskaltzaindia.
Hagstrom, Paul. 1998. Decomposing questions. Cambridge: MITeko doktorego tesia.
Hornstein, Norbert. 1995. Logical Form: From GB to Minimalism. Oxford: Blackwell.
Irurtzun, Aritz. 2021. Why questions break the Residual V2 restriction (in Basque and beyond). In Gabriela Soare (arg.), Why is ‘Why’ Unique? Its Syntactic and Semantic Properties, 63-114. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.
Jeong, Youngmi. 2004. Multiple superiority effects in Basque. University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics 10(1). 103-114.
Jeong, Youngmi. 2007. Multiple Wh-Fronting in Basque. In Anastasia Conroy, Chunyuan Jing, Chizuru Nakao & Eri Takahashi (arg.), University of Maryland Working Papers in Linguistics 15, 98-142. College Park: UMWPiL.
Lafitte, Piarres. 1962. Grammaire basque (navarro-labourdin littéraire). Baiona: Ikas.
Laka, Itziar. 1986. Azpikotasunaren Baldintzaz: Muga Adabegiak Euskaraz. In Patxi Goenaga (arg.), Euskal Sintaxiaren Zenbait Arazo, 97-127. Bilbo: UPV/EHU.
Lakarra, Joseba Andoni. 1997. Euskararen historia eta filologia: arazo zahar, bide berri. ASJU 31(2). 447-535.
Michelioudakis, Dimitris & Ioanna Sitaridou. 2016. Recasting the typology of multiple wh-fronting: Evidence from Pontic Greek. Glossa: a journal of general linguistics 1(1): 40. 1-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/gjgl.72.
Ortiz de Urbina, Jon. 1989. Parameters in the grammar of Basque. Dordrecht: Foris.
Oyharçabal, Beñat. 1988. Operatzaile isila euskarazko perpaus erlatiboetan. ASJU 22(1). 93-97.
Reglero, Lara. 2003. Non-wh-fronting in Basque. In Cedric Boeckx & Kleanthes K. Grohmann (arg.), Multiple Wh-Fronting, 187-227. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Rijk, Rudolf P. G. de. 2008. Standard Basque. A progressive grammar. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Rudin, Catherine. 1988. On multiple questions and multiple wh-fronting. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 6. 445-501.
Salaberri, Patxi. 2002. Iraupena eta lekukotasuna. Donostia: Elkar.
Saltarelli, Mario. 1988. Basque. London & New York: Croom Helm.
Sportiche, Dominique, Hilda Koopman & Edward Stabler. 2014. An Introduction to Syntactic Analysis and Theory. Chichester: Wiley Blackwell.
Stoyanova, Marina. 2008. Unique Focus. Languages without multiple wh-questions. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Wachowicz, Krystyna. 1974. Against the Universality of a single Wh-question movement. Foundations of Language 11. 155-166.
Ereduzko Prosa Dinamikoa: https://www.ehu.eus/eu/web/eins/ereduzko-prosa-dinamikoa-epd-
Euskal Klasikoen Corpusa: https://www.ehu.eus/ehg/kc/
Klasikoen Gordailua: https://klasikoak.armiarma.eus/
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Esta obra está bajo una licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional.